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Hantavirus: General Features and Present Situation in Latin America

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Human Virology in Latin America

Abstract

Hantaviruses (Hantavirus, Bunyaviridae) are enveloped, tri-segmented RNA viruses and the causative agents of two diseases: hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia. Rodents are the primary reservoir hosts for these viruses worldwide; however, in the past 10 years, new Soricomorpha-borne and bat-borne hantaviruses have been discovered, none of which are associated with disease in humans. Since its emergence in the Americas in 1993, HCPS has accumulated more than 4000 cases, with mortality rates up to 40% depending on the specific virus involved. Research studies on vaccine and antiviral therapies against New World hantaviruses are ongoing, but results are still incipient. Prevention is yet based in minimizing human exposure to infected rodents. Studies on the molecular biology and evolution of hantaviruses together with more comprehensive field studies have expanded knowledge about this relevant zoonosis in the Americas. In this chapter, we review the general features on hantavirus structure, replicative cycle, evolution, pathogenesis, and prevention, with a glance into the current situation in Latin America.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sección Virología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Adriana Delfraro

  2. Laboratório de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Sonia M. Raboni

  3. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz PR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos

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  1. Adriana Delfraro
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  2. Sonia M. Raboni
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  3. Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos
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Correspondence to Claudia Nunes Duarte dos Santos .

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  1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Center for Research and Advances Studies, Mexico City, Mexico

    Juan Ernesto Ludert

  2. Centro de Microbiologia y Biologia Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela

    Flor H. Pujol

  3. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Juan Arbiza

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Delfraro, A., Raboni, S.M., dos Santos, C.N.D. (2017). Hantavirus: General Features and Present Situation in Latin America. In: Ludert, J., Pujol, F., Arbiza, J. (eds) Human Virology in Latin America. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54567-7_11

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