Genetics of Traits

Abstract

Derivation of a high-yielding clone is the ultimate objective of the breeding programme. Most breeding is done with parents that show outstanding performance in field trials; however, information about the genetic worth of many of these parents is limited. Time required to release a clone is around 30 years, and due to this, the current strategy is to reduce breeding cycle through early selection through the use of secondary traits that show high correlations with latex production. Effective breeding strategies ensure detailed knowledge of the genetic architecture of the traits of interest, such as magnitude of heritability, GE interactions and genetic correlations between traits. Estimation of heritability is critical to identify relevant traits and to evaluate the scope for genetic gains. Clones with wider adaptability to several environments are prime for commercializing cultivation under contrasting environments. In addition, knowledge of phenotypic and genetic correlations between primary and secondary traits is key in predicting the effects of direct and indirect selection.