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Landscapes Developed on Ignimbrites

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Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina

Part of the book series: Springer Earth System Sciences ((SPRINGEREARTH))

Abstract

This paper analyses the landforms and landscapes developed on ignimbrites outcropping in different regions of Argentina : Portezuelo (province of Mendoza) , Lihuel Calel (province of La Pampa) , Pilcaniyeu (province of Río Negro) , Barda Colorada (province of Chubut) and Chon Aike (province of Santa Cruz) . Some of these localities show clear resemblance to landforms which are typical of sedimentary rock landscapes , whereas others expose landforms typical of granitic rock landscapes . Systems of macro- and micro-landforms have been observed, such as inselbergs , bornhardts , nubbins , castle koppies , tors , crests and pinnacles , low cliffs , whale backs , and many other, associated minor features. Landforms of micro-modelling are shown at the base of vertical slopes, as cavities of the alveolar hollows and tafoni types, with subsequent evolution to caves , caverns and rock shelters . Besides, sometimes peculiar landforms such as yardangs , mushrooms and hoodoos are observed. The dominant agents that are responsible for these features are chemical and physical weathering and aeolian erosion . The micro-modelling affecting the different ignimbrite units is a direct consequence of their particular textural and structural conditions, on which a varied set of processes and erosion mechanisms have acted and defined their shape. In other cases, the orientation of the prevailing winds and the exposure of the ignimbrite flows have a decisive contribution to their genesis and ensuing development. It is herein concluded that the heterogeneity of these rocks, mostly due to changes in the welding degree , generates diverse types of macro- and micro-landforms .

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 60 y 122, 1900, La Plata, Argentina

    Emilia Y. Aguilera

  2. Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina

    Irene Hernando

  3. Laboratorio de Geomorfología y Cuaternario, CADIC-CONICET, 9410, Ushuaia, Argentina

    Jorge Rabassa

Authors
  1. Emilia Y. Aguilera
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  2. Irene Hernando
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  3. Jorge Rabassa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emilia Y. Aguilera .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Geomorfología y Cuaternario, CADIC-CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina

    Jorge Rabassa

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Aguilera, E.Y., Hernando, I., Rabassa, J. (2017). Landscapes Developed on Ignimbrites. In: Rabassa, J. (eds) Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina. Springer Earth System Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54371-0_1

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