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Mesenchymal Stem Cells: From Bench to Bedside and Back

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Cell and Gene Therapies

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Abstract

Since the time when bone marrow cells were first cultured in vitro, investigators were aware that, in addition to cells responsible for blood formation, a population of adherent spindle cell colonies would grow on the flat surface of the culture vessel. These so-called bone marrow fibroblasts could differentiate under certain conditions into chondrocytes, fat cells, and osteoblasts. Later investigators found that similar cells could be isolated from umbilical cord and dental pulp and can be differentiated from adipocytes. An important property for their application in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is that bone marrow-derived MSCs have immunosuppressive properties and inhibit T-lymphocyte proliferation. They also contribute to tissue repair and are of intense interest in the field of regenerative medicine. MSC as a form of cellular therapy was first explored in HCT recipients as the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and marrow failure. The initial studies confirmed the infusional safety of MSC given to HCT recipients and have paved the way for subsequent clinical research. Today, more than a decade later, the potential of MSC to improve outcomes after allogeneic and autologous HCT represents an ongoing area of active research, reviewed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stem Cell Allogenic Transplantation Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    John Barrett

  2. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    Jacques Galipeau

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  1. John Barrett
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  2. Jacques Galipeau
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Correspondence to John Barrett .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Miguel-Angel Perales

  2. Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Deerfield, IL, USA

    Syed A. Abutalib

  3. Center for Cancer and Immunology Research Children’s National and The George Washington University, Division Allergy and Immunology, Washington, DC, USA

    Catherine Bollard

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Barrett, J., Galipeau, J. (2019). Mesenchymal Stem Cells: From Bench to Bedside and Back. In: Perales, MA., Abutalib, S., Bollard, C. (eds) Cell and Gene Therapies. Advances and Controversies in Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54368-0_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54368-0_12

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