Skip to main content

Global Governance of Space Security

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Global Space Governance: An International Study

Part of the book series: Space and Society ((SPSO))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Charter of the United Nations, 26 June 1945, Can TS 1945 No 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, 24 September 1996, S Treaty Doc 105–28 (1997), 35 ILM 1439, U. N. Doc A/RES/50/245 (not yet in force) [Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty].

    Google Scholar 

  • Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects, 29 March 1972, 961 U. N. TS 187 [Liability Convention].

    Google Scholar 

  • Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space, 14 January 1975, 1023 TS 15 [Registration Convention].

    Google Scholar 

  • Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, 10 December 1976, 1108 U. N. TS 151 (entered into force 5 October 1978) [Environmental Modification Treaty].

    Google Scholar 

  • Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977, 1125 TS 3 (entered into force 7 December 1978) [Additional Protocol I].

    Google Scholar 

  • Statute of the International Court of Justice, 24 October 1945.

    Google Scholar 

  • Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, 5 August 1963, 14 UST 1313, TIAS No 5433, 480 U. N. TS 43 (entered into force 10 October 1963) [Partial Test Ban Treaty].

    Google Scholar 

  • Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, 27 January 1967, 610 TS 205 [Outer Space Treaty].

    Google Scholar 

  • Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and United States, 26 May 1972, 944 U. N.TS 13 (entered into force 3 October 1972) [Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty].

    Google Scholar 

  • Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, 1 July 1968, 729 U. N. TS 161 (entered into force 5 March 1970) [Non-Proliferation Treaty].

    Google Scholar 

  • International Telecommunication Union Radio Regulations, 2012, online: ITU <www.itu.int/pub/R-REG-RR-2012> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chair’s Summary: Multilateral Negotiations on an International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities, New York, 27–31 July 2015, online: United Nations <papersmart.unmeetings.org/secretariat/codeofconductforouterspace/documents/other-documents/chairs-summary/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • “Draft articles on responsibility of States for internationally wrongful acts” in “Report of the Commission to the General Assembly on the work of its fifty-third session” (U. N. Doc A/56/10) in Yearbook of the International Law Commission 2001, vol 2, part 2 (New York: United Nations, 2007) (U. N.DOC. A/CN.4/SER.A/2001/Add.1 (Part 2)) 26 [Articles on State Responsibility].

    Google Scholar 

  • Draft International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities, version 31 March 2014, online: European External Action Service <www.eeas.europa.eu/non-proliferation-and-disarmament/pdf/space_code_conduct_draft_vers_31-march-2014_en.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [ICoC].

    Google Scholar 

  • Draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects, online: Reaching Critical Will <reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/cd/2014/documents/PPWT2014.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [PPWT].

  • Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee, IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines, IADC-02-01, Revision 1 (September 2007), online: Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee <www.iadc-online.org/index.cgi?item=docs_pub> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines].

  • No first placement of weapons in outer space, GA Res 69/32, U. N. GAOR, 69th Sess, U. N. Doc A/RES/69/32 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • No first placement of weapons in outer space, GA Res 70/27, U. N. GAOR, 70th Sess, Doc A/RES/70/27 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • No first placement of weapons in outer space, GA Res 71/32, U. N. GAOR, 71st Sess, U. N. Doc A/RES/71/32 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Prevention of an arms race in outer space, GA Res 71/31, U. N. GAOR, 71st Sess, U. N. Doc A/RES/71/31 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Transparency and confidence-building measures in outer space activities, GA Res 69/38, U. N. GAOR, 69th Sess, U. N. Doc A/RES/69/38 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Report of the Group of Governmental Experts on Transparency and Confidence-Building Measures in Outer Space Activities, U. N. GAOR, 68th Sess, U. N. Doc A/68/189 (2013), online: United Nations <www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/68/189> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Report of the Legal Subcommittee on its fifty-fifth session, held in Vienna from 4 to 15 April 2016, UNCOPUOSOR, 59th Sess, U. N. Doc A/AC.105/1113 (2016), online: UNOOSA <www.unoosa.org/oosa/oosadoc/data/documents/2016/aac.105/aac.1051113_0.html> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • U. N. Office for Outer Space Affairs, Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (Vienna: United Nations, 2010), online: UNOOSA <www.unoosa.org/pdf/publications/st_space_49E.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [U. N. Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines].

  • National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015, Pub L No 113–291 [NDAA].

    Google Scholar 

  • Case Concerning Military and Paramilitary activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v United States of America), [1986] ICJ Rep 14 [Nicaragua Case].

    Google Scholar 

  • Axe, David. “When it comes to war in space, U.S. has the edge”, Reuters (10 August 2015), online: Reuters <blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2015/08/09/the-u-s-military-is-preparing-for-the-real-star-wars/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Billings, Lee. “War in Space May Be Closer Than Ever”, Scientific American (10 August 2015), online: Scientific American <www.scientificamerican.com/article/war-in-space-may-be-closer-than-ever/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Blake, Duncan. “Military Strategic Use of Outer Space” in Hitoshi Nasu & Robert McLaughlin, eds, New Technologies and the Law of Armed Conflict (The Hague: Springer, 2014a) 97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blake, Duncan. “The Law Applicable to Military Strategic Use of Outer Space” in Hitoshi Nasu & Robert McLaughlin, eds, New Technologies and the Law of Armed Conflict (The Hague: Springer, 2014b) 115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butt, Yousaf. “Satellite Laser Ranging in China”, Union of Concerned Scientists Technical Working Paper (8 January 2007), online: Union of Concerned Scientists <www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/nwgs/slr_in_china.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Caton, Jeffrey L. “Joint Warfare and Military Dependence on Space” (1996) 10 Joint Force Q 48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chun, Clayton KS. “Shooting Down a “Star”: Program 437, the U. S. Nuclear ASAT System and Present-Day Copycat Killers”, U. S. College of Aerospace Doctrine Research and Education (CADRE) Paper No 6 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Domonoske, Camila. “Luxembourg Hopes To Rocket To Front Of Asteroid-Mining Space Race”, NPR: The Two-Way (3 February 2016), online: NPR <www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/02/03/465448871/luxembourg-hopes-to-rocket-to-front-of-asteroid-mining-space-race> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Doswald-Beck, Louise ed, San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts at Sea (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferster, Warren. “Missile Defense Agency Retires NFIRE Satellite”, Space News (29 September 2015), online: Space News <spacenews.com/missile-defense-agency-retires-nfire-satellite/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Foust, Jeff. “U.S. Dismisses Space Weapons Treaty Proposal As “Fundamentally Flawed””, Space News (11 September 2014), online: Space News <spacenews.com/41842us-dismisses-space-weapons-treaty-proposal-as-fundamentally-flawed/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Garino, Brian & Jane Gibson. “Space System Threats” in Air Command and Staff College, AU-18: Space Primer, 2nd ed (Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala: Air University Press, 2009) 273, online: Air University <space.au.af.mil/au-18-2009/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Gertz, Bill. “Russia Flight Tests Anti-Satellite Missile”, The Washington Free Beacon (2 December 2015), online: The Washington Free Beacon <freebeacon.com/national-security/russia-conducts-successful-flight-test-of-anti-satellite-missile/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Grego, Laura. “A History of Anti-Satellite Programs”, Union of Concerned Scientists (2012), online: Union of Concerned Scientists <www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/legacy/assets/documents/nwgs/a-history-of-ASAT-programs_lo-res.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Gubrud, Mark A. “Chinese and U. S. Kinetic Energy Space Weapons and Arms Control” (2011) 35:4 Asian Perspective 617.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haas, Michael. “Valuable Frontier: Militarized Competition in Outer Space” in Oliver Thränert & Martin Zapfe, eds, Strategic Trends 2015: Key Developments in Global Affairs (Zurich: ETH Zurich Center for Security Studies, 2015) 63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hafner, Donald & Bhupendra Jasani. “An Arms Control Proposal Limiting High-Altitude ASAT Weapons” in John Holdren & Joseph Rotblat, eds, Strategic Defences and the Future of the Arms Race: A Pugwash Symposium (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1987) 226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, Francis. “Beijing secretly fires lasers to disable U. S. satellites”, The Telegraph (26 September 2006), online: The Telegraph <www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1529864/Beijing-secretly-fires-lasers-to-disable-US-satellites.html> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Harvard University Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research. HPCR Manual on International Law Applicable to Air and Missile Warfare (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016) [Harvard Manual].

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobe, Stephan. “Article I” in Stephan Hobe, Bernhard Schmidt-Tedd & Kai-Uwe Schrogl, eds, Cologne Commentary on Space Law, vol 1 (Köln: Carl Heymanns Verlag, 2009) 25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarman, Robert W. The Law of Neutrality in Outer Space (LLM Thesis, McGill University Institute of Air and Space Law, 2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasani, Bhupendra. “Military Uses of Outer Space and the International Space Law” (Presentation delivered at the 3rd Strategic Space Law Program, Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University, Canada, 2 June 2016), online: STUDYLIB <studylib.net/doc/17704735/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Jasani, Bhupendra & Ram Jakhu. “Unsustainable Uses of Earth Orbits” (Paper delivered at the World Economic Forum-McGill Workshop on Bringing Space Down to Earth, Montreal, Canada, 4–5 July 2013), online: McGill University <www.mcgill.ca/iasl/events/2013-wef-mcgill> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Johnson-Freese, Joan & Brian Weeden. “Application of Ostrom’s Principles for Sustainable Governance of Common-Pool Resources to Near-Earth Orbit” (2012) 3:1 Global Policy 72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kai-Uwe Schrogl & Julia Neumann. “Article IV” in Stephan Hobe, Bernhard Schmidt-Tedd & Kai-Uwe Schrogl, eds, Cologne Commentary on Space Law, vol 1 (Köln: Carl Heymanns Verlag, 2009) 70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kan, Shirley. “China’s Anti-Satellite Weapon Test”, CRS Report for Congress, Order Code RS22652 (23 April 2007), online: Federation of American Scientists <www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS22652.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Kelso, TS. “Chinese ASAT Test” (22 June 2012), CelesTrak (blog), online: <celestrak.com/events/asat.asp> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Krolikowski, Alanna & Emmanuelle David. “Commercial On-Orbit Satellite Servicing: National and International Policy Considerations Raised by Industry Proposals” (2013) 1:1 New Space 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackey, James. “Recent U. S. and Chinese Antisatellite Activities” (2009) XXIII:3 Air & Space Power J 82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maogoto, Jackson Nyamuya & Steven Freeland. “Space Weaponization and the United Nations Charter Regime on Force: A Thick Legal Fog or a Receding Mist?” (2007) 41:4 Intl Lawyer 1091.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moltz, James Clay. Crowded Orbits: Conflict and Cooperation in Space (New York: Columbia University Press, 2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moltz, James Clay. The Politics of Space Security: Strategic Restraint and the Pursuit of National Interests, 2nd ed (Standford, Cal: Stanford University Press, 2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moskowitz, Clara. “United States Headed for ‘Perfect Storm’ in Space, Air Force General Says”, Space.com (9 April 2013), online: Space.com <www.space.com/20586-military-space-reliance-perfect-storm.html> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Moynier, Gustave. The Laws of War on Land (Oxford: Institute of International Law, 1880).

    Google Scholar 

  • National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, (S.2943), online, <https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/senate-bill/2943> [NDAA, 2017]

  • Pekkanen, Saadia M. “The New Race To Dominate Outer Space: All Face ‘Serious Growing Foreign Threat’”, Forbes (27 November 2015), online: Forbes <www.forbes.com/sites/saadiampekkanen/2015/11/27/the-new-race-to-dominate-outer-space-all-face-serious-growing-foreign-threat/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Porras, Daniel A. “To Code or Not to Code”, Space Alert II:6 (October 2014) 2, online:. Yumpu <www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/27300599/spac6/2> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Ribbelink, Olivier. “Article III” in Stephan Hobe, Bernhard Schmidt-Tedd & Kai-Uwe Schrogl, eds, Cologne Commentary on Space Law, vol 1 (Köln: Carl Heymanns Verlag, 2009) 64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, Michael N et al, Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, Dale & Cassandra Steer. “Conflicts in Space: International Humanitarian Law and its Application to Space Warfare” (2015) XL Ann Air & Sp L 71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thielmann, Greg. “Iran’s Overdue ICBM”, Arms Control Association (2 February 2015), online: Arms Control Association <www.armscontrol.org/blog/ArmsControlNow/2015-01-26/Irans-Overdue-ICBM> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Weeden, Brian. “The End of Sanctuary in Space: Why America is considering getting more aggressive in orbit”, War Is Boring (7 January 2015), online: War Is Boring <warisboring.com/the-end-of-sanctuary-in-space-2d58fba741a> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Yakovenko, Alexander. “Russia’s no arms in outer space initiative gains support”, RT (26 November 2014), online: RT <www.rt.com/op-edge/209027-outer-space-arms-un-resolution/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Yashar, Ari. “United States And China Gear Up For Space Combat”, COSMOSO (26 April 2015), online: COSMOSO <cosmoso.net/us-and-china-gear-up-for-space-combat/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Manual of the Laws of Naval War (Oxford: Institute of International Law, 1913).

    Google Scholar 

  • Space Security Index 2016, 13th ed (Waterloo, Ont: SPACESECURITYINDEX.ORG, 2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • UK, Ministry of Defence, The UK Military Space Primer (June 2010), online: GOV.UK <www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/33691/SpacePrimerFinalWebVersion.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • U.N. General Assembly: First Committee, Meetings Coverage, GA/DIS/3514, “Disarmament Committee Approves Drafts on No First Placement of Arms in Outer Space, Ban on New Types of Mass Destruction Weapons” (30 October 2014), online: United Nations <www.un.org/press/en/2014/gadis3514.doc.htm> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • US, Department of Defense & Office of the Director of National Intelligence, National Security Space Strategy, Unclassified Summary (January 2011), online: Federation of American Scientists <fas.org/irp/eprint/nsss.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [U. S. National Security Space Strategy].

  • US Department of Defense, Statement of Dr. Brad Roberts Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Missile Defense Policy Before the Senate Armed Services Committee: Hearing on Missile Defense, 112th Cong, 1st Sess (13 April 2011), online: U. S. Department of Defense <www.dod.mil/dodgc/olc/docs/testRoberts04132011.pdf> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • “Israel successfully blows up space target with US-funded Arrow 3 missile”, RT (10 December 2015), online: RT <www.rt.com/news/325492-israel-arrow-missile-test/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • McGill, “Manual on International Law Applicable to Military Uses of Outer Space”, online: McGill University <www.mcgill.ca/milamos/> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [MILAMOS].

  • Union of Concerned Scientists, “UCS Satellite Database”, online: Union of Concerned Scientists <www.ucsusa.org/nuclear-weapons/space-weapons/satellite-database> (last accessed 1 December 2016) [UCS Satellite Database].

Further Reading

  • US, Department of State, “The International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)”, 22 CFR 120–130, online: U. S. Department of State: Directorate of Defense Trade Controls <www.pmddtc.state.gov/regulations_laws/itar.html> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

  • Blake, Duncan P. The Laws of Star Wars–The Need for a ‘Manual of International Law Applicable to Space Warfare’ (LLM Thesis, McGill University Institute of Air and Space Law, 2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasani, Bhupendra. Outer Space–Battlefield of the Future? (London: Taylor & Francis, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • Plattard, Serge. “Security in Space: Should Space Traffic Management also concern Payloads Management?” (2015) 33:2 Space Pol’y 56.

    Google Scholar 

  • “The U.S. Should Lead the World away from a Space War”, Scientific American (1 November 2015), online: Scientific American <www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-u-s-should-lead-the-world-away-from-a-space-war/> (last accessed 1 December 2016).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jakhu, R.S., Pelton, J.N. (2017). Global Governance of Space Security. In: Jakhu, R., Pelton, J. (eds) Global Space Governance: An International Study. Space and Society. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54364-2_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics