Abstract
In this chapter is devoted to a quantitative analysis of poverty incidence among minorities over time in China and India, using several indicators: (1) headcount ratios, (2) monthly per capita consumer expenditure and (3) poverty—gap ratios (PG), and Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) ratios. Empirical evidence shows that both countries have achieved substantial reduction of rural and urban poverty during the last two decades for minorities as well as for the majority. Both countries have implemented anti-poverty programmes which are not always targeted specifically for minorities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bhalla, A. S., & Qiu, S. (2006). Poverty and inequality among Chinese minorities. London: Routledge.
GOC (Government of China). National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2002a). China rural household survey yearbook 2002. Beijing: NBS.
GOC (Government of China), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2002b). China urban household survey yearbook 2002. Beijing: NBS.
GOC (Government of China), State Council. (2001). White paper on rural China’s poverty reduction. Beijing.
GOI (Government of India). (2015). Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, National Sample Survey (NSS) 68th round on household consumer expenditure across socioeconomic groups, 2011–2012. New Delhi.
GOI (Government of India), Cabinet Secretariat. (2006, November). Social, economic and educational status of the Muslim community in India: A report of the prime minister’s High Level Committee (Chaired by Rajinder Sachar). New Delhi.
Grewal, B. S., & Ahmed, A. D. (2011, March). Is China’s western development strategy on track? An assessment. Journal of Contemporary China, 20(69).
Gustafsson, B., & Ding, S. (2009). Temporary and persistent poverty among ethnic minorities and the majority in rural China. Review of Income and Wealth, Series 55(1), Special S1.
Gustafsson, B., & Ding, S. (2014, December). Why is there no income gap between the Hui Muslim minority and the Han majority in rural Ningxia, China? China Quarterly, 220.
Huang, Y. (2016, September). Understanding China’s belt and road initiative: Motivation, framework and assessment. China Economic Review, 40.
Jeong, J. (2015, June). Ethnic minorities in China’s western development plan. Journal of International and Area Studies, 22(1).
John, R. M., & Rohit, M. (2005, March). Statewise estimates of poverty among religious groups in India. Economic and Political Weekly, 26.
Khan, A. R. (2008). Growth, inequality and poverty: A comparative study of China’s experience in the periods before and after the Asian crisis. In B. Gustafsson, S. Li, & T. Sicular (Eds.), Inequality and public policy in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Khan, A. R., & Riskin, C. (2001). Inequality and poverty in China in the age of globalization. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lai, H. (2002, October). China’s western development program. Modern China, 28(4).
Palmer, K. (1997). China’s nationalities and nationality areas. In C. Hudson (Ed.), The China handbook. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn.
Panagariya, A., & More, V. (2014). Poverty by social, religious and economic groups in India and its largest states 1993–94 to 2011–2012. Indian Growth and Development Review, 7(2), 203–220.
Perkins, D. (2004). Designing a regional development strategy for China. In D. Lu & W. A. W. Neilson (Eds.), China’s west region development. Singapore: World Scientific.
Radhakrishna, R., Ravi, C., & Reddy, B. S. (2013). Assessment of well-being in multidimensional perspective. Indian Economic Review, 48(1), 131–166.
Radhakrishna, R., & Ray, S. (Eds.). (2005a). Handbook of poverty in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Radhakrishna, R., & Ray, S. (2005b). Poverty in India: Dimensions and character. In K. Parikh & R. Radhakrishna (Eds.), India Development Report 2004–2005. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Sharma, A. K., Saluja, M. R., & Sarma, A. (2016, June 11). Macroeconomic impact of social protection programmes in India. Economic and Political Weekly.
Singh, D. P. (2009). Poverty and migration: Does moving help? In GOI (Government of India), Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, INDIA: Urban poverty report. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Thorat, S. (2014). Tackling social exclusion and marginality for poverty reduction: Indian experiences. In J. von Braun & F. W. Gatzweiler (Eds.), Marginality: Addressing the nexus of poverty, exclusion and ecology. New York: Springer.
Thorat, S. K., & Dubey, A. (2012, March 10). Has growth been socially inclusive during 1993-94–2009-10? Economic and Political Weekly, 47(10).
World Bank. (2011). Social protection for a changing India. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Yao, S., Zhang, Z., & Feng, G. (2005). Rural–urban and regional inequality in output, income and consumption in China under economic reforms. Journal of Economic Studies, 32(1), 4–24.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bhalla, A.S., Luo, D. (2017). Poverty Incidence Among Minorities. In: Poverty and Exclusion of Minorities in China and India. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53937-9_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53937-9_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53936-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53937-9
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)