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Refractories and Carbon Cathode Materials for Aluminum Reduction Cells

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Refractories for Aluminum

Abstract

This chapter describes the elements of the reduction process, the organization of reduction shops at smelters, the typical designs and constructions of reduction cells (with an emphasis on the basic heat balance of the Hall–Herault reduction process), and the preheating and startup of reduction cells. The main types of failures and shutdowns of reduction cells are described together with the principles of dry autopsies behind investigations into the reasons for shutdowns.

The main materials for the lining of reduction cells:

  • Carbon cathode blocks and carbon ramming pastes;

  • Carbon and silicon carbide side lining materials and ramming pastes, concretes, and mortars for their installation;

  • Refractory barrier layer bricks and dry barrier mixtures;

  • Heat insulation materials

are described in the following sequence:

  • The purpose of the material and its basic properties, grades of materials;

  • Raw materials for processing;

  • Installation in reduction cells;

  • Elements of technology and processing, equipment, structure of materials;

  • Typical defects of materials;

  • Behavior in reduction cells during service in connection with physical changes and chemical interactions; critical pore sizes for the penetration of electrolyte;

  • Testing and characterization.

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  1. Chemical Department, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    Andrey Yurkov

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Yurkov, A. (2017). Refractories and Carbon Cathode Materials for Aluminum Reduction Cells. In: Refractories for Aluminum. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53589-0_2

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