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Male Hypogonadism and Liver Disease

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Male Hypogonadism

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

Abstract

Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are common causes of morbidity and mortality. However, the relationship between sex hormones, most notably testosterone, and liver disease has been examined only in limited studies. Liver disease is generally associated with central hypogonadism, except in the setting of alcoholic liver disease in which ethanol results in testicular damage. There are limited data on the efficacy and safety of treatment of hypogonadism in the setting of liver disease. Data are mixed on improvements in morbidity and mortality with testosterone treatment with improvement in gynecomastia appearing to be the most consistently reported benefit. Although not powered to examine safety outcomes, studies have not demonstrated a clear increase in associated adverse events with testosterone therapy. Liver transplantation is also associated with improvement in testosterone levels in the majority of individuals. However, this finding is not uniform, likely related in part to pre-existing metabolic damage, immunosuppression, graft function, and potentially other comorbidities. Further research is needed on the efficacy and safety of testosterone treatment in liver disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA

    Samuel M. Kim MD & Swaytha Yalamanchi MD

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Oncology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 E. Monument St., Suite 328, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Adrian S. Dobs MD

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  1. Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, D, University of Louisville Health Sciences, Louisville, USA

    Stephen J. Winters

  2. Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

    Ilpo T. Huhtaniemi

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Kim, S.M., Yalamanchi, S., Dobs, A.S. (2017). Male Hypogonadism and Liver Disease. In: Winters, S., Huhtaniemi, I. (eds) Male Hypogonadism. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53298-1_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53298-1_11

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