Abstract
People born with a vagina undergo a process of dehumanization aimed at transforming them into a denied sex. Reduced to bodies for others, they are not allowed to grow, to develop their human potential, or to live lives for themselves. Women’s dehumanization has plural and damaging consequences for all, but begins with people born with a vagina. As this book has revealed, the vast majority of the feminine population is subject daily to recurring physical and symbolic violence, painful suffering, alienation, and loss of self.
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Notes
- 1.
Fatima al-Zahra Azruwil, “Al-ouaye nisaï lada al-fatate al-maghrebiyya (Feminist Consciousness and the Moroccan Girl)”, in Être jeune fille, Belarbi dir., op. cit., 33–34.
- 2.
M’Hamed Lazaar, “La migration internationale marocaine—aspects récents”, Annuaire de l’Afrique du Nord XXXIV (1995): 999–1000; Mohamed Khachani, “L’émigration au féminin: tendances récentes au Maroc”, CARIM-AS 26 (2009): 1–8.
- 3.
Ibid., 2.
- 4.
Ibid., 3.
- 5.
Salime, Between Feminism and Islam, Human Rights and Sharia Law in Morocco, op. cit., 65–66.
- 6.
The Authority for parity and the struggle against all forms of discrimination (l’Autorité pour la parité et la lutte contre toutes formes de discrimination) fulfills normative functions and, therefore, has no legal obligations. Plus, this body has failed to meet the expectations of civil society, in the press release of the ADFM “Maroc: l’Autorité pour la parité et la lutte contre toutes formes de discrimination—Un projet de loi vidé de substance”, accessed August 15, 2016, https://www.fidh.org/La-Federation-internationale-des-ligues-des-droits-de-l-homme/maghreb-moyen-orient/maroc/maroc-l-autorite-pour-la-parite-et-la-lutte-contre-toutes-formes-de
- 7.
Among others, Allal al-Fassi, Al-naqd al-dathi (Self-Criticism), (Bayrouth: Dar al-Kachaf lil nashr, 1966); Mehdi Ben Barka, Option révolutionnaire au Maroc, suivi de Écrits politiques 1960–1965 (Paris: Maspero, 1966).
- 8.
UNESCO, Education for all 2000–2015: Achievements and Challenges, 232, accessed August 15, 2016, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002322/232205e.pdf
- 9.
UNDP, Arab Human Development Report 2003, Building a Knowledge Society, 67, accessed 27 August 15, 2016, http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/UNDP/EnglishVersion/Ar-Human-Dev–2003.pdf
- 10.
In a video, the rapper and preacher Chekhsar zooms in on the backsides of women wearing skirts or tight pants. He blames these women for being harassed and exhorts them to wear the full veil.
- 11.
Fatima Sadiqi, Moroccan Feminist Discourses (New York: Macmillan, 2014), 128–147.
- 12.
Zakia Salime, “New Feminism? Gender Dynamics in Morocco’s February Twentieth Movement.” Journal of International Women’s Studies (on-line journal) (2012) Vol. 13 # 5: 105–106.
- 13.
Haut-commissariat au plan, Population et développement au Maroc: dix ans après la Conférence internationale sur la population et le développement (CIPD, 1994), 26, accessed August 15, 2016, http://www.hcp.ma/downloads/Demographie-Rapport-national-sur-la-politique-de-la-population_t13064.html
- 14.
To quote Simone de Beauvoir’s famous line in Le deuxième sexe tome 2 (Paris: Gallimard, 1949), 13.
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Glacier, O. (2017). General Conclusion: Rehabilitating Women’s Humanity. In: Femininity, Masculinity, and Sexuality in Morocco and Hollywood. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53285-1_5
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