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Neonatal Stressors

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Neonatal Pain

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Abstract

About 2.2 billion years ago, as the oxygen level of the planet was rising, a new sort of life form emerged, forged from a shaky alliance of what were to become the mitochondria and the remainder of the cell. The protomitochondria brought respiration to the partnership, and with it the power to kill every new cell by production of reactive oxygen species—a mechanism of cell death that still exists throughout the eukaryotes.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Emeritus University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 160 E Erie St., Philadelphia, PA, 11134, USA

    M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos MD (Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology, Professor of Pediatrics)

  2. Physiology, OB/GYN Drexel University School of Medicine, 160 E Erie St., Philadelphia, PA, 11134, USA

    M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos MD (Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology, Professor of Pediatrics)

  3. The Ralph W. Brenner Chair in Pediatrics, St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children, 160 E Erie St., Philadelphia, PA, 11134, USA

    M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos MD (Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology, Professor of Pediatrics)

  4. George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA

    P. Kratimenos MD, PhD (Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Attending Neonatologist)

  5. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 111 Michigan Avenu, NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA

    P. Kratimenos MD, PhD (Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Attending Neonatologist)

  6. Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA

    P. Kratimenos MD, PhD (Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Attending Neonatologist)

Authors
  1. M. Delivoria-Papadopoulos MD
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  2. P. Kratimenos MD, PhD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Siena, Italy

    Giuseppe Buonocore

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Siena Department of Pediatrics, Siena, Italy

    Carlo Valerio Bellieni

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Delivoria-Papadopoulos, M., Kratimenos, P. (2017). Neonatal Stressors. In: Buonocore, G., Bellieni, C.V. (eds) Neonatal Pain. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53232-5_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53232-5_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53230-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53232-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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