Skip to main content

Data-Driven Personalization of Student Learning Support in Higher Education

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Learning Analytics: Fundaments, Applications, and Trends

Part of the book series: Studies in Systems, Decision and Control ((SSDC,volume 94))

Abstract

Despite the explosion of interest in big data in higher education and the ensuing rush for catch-all predictive algorithms, there has been relatively little focus on the pedagogical and pastoral contexts of learning. The provision of personalized feedback and support to students is often generalized and decontextualized, and examples of systems that enable contextualized support are notably absent from the learning analytics landscape. In this chapter we discuss the design and deployment of the Student Relationship Engagement System (SRES), a learning analytics system that is grounded primarily within the unique contexts of individual courses. The SRES, currently in use by teachers from 19 departments, takes a holistic and more human-centric view of data—one that puts the relationship between teacher and student at the center. Our approach means that teachers’ pedagogical expertise in recognizing meaningful data, identifying subgroups of students for a range of support actions, and designing and deploying these actions, is facilitated by a customizable technology platform. We describe a case study of the application of this human-centric approach to learning analytics, including its impacts on improving student engagement and outcomes, and debate the cultural, pedagogical, and technical aspects of learning analytics implementation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

EDM:

Educational data mining

EWS:

Early warning system

LA:

Learning analytics

LMS:

Learning management system

SRES:

Student Relationship Engagement System

References

  • Arnold KE (2010) Signals: applying academic analytics. Educause Q 33(1):n1

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold KE, Lynch G, Huston D, Wong L, Jorn L, Olsen CW (2014) Building institutional capacities and competencies for systemic learning analytics initiatives. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker R (2016) Stupid tutoring systems, intelligent humans. Int J Artif Intell Educ 1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker R, Siemens G (2014) Educational data mining and learning analytics. In: Sawyer RK (ed) The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakharia A, Corrin L, de Barba P, Kennedy G, Gašević D, Mulder R, et al (2016) A conceptual framework linking learning design with learning analytics. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Edinburgh, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Berman JJ (2013) Principles of big data: preparing, sharing, and analyzing complex information. Morgan Kaufmann, Waltham, MA, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Bichsel J (2012) Analytics in higher education benefits, barriers, progress, and recommendations. EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research, pp 1–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Bra PD (2002) Adaptive educational hypermedia on the web. Commun ACM 45(5):60–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgeman AJ, Rutledge P (2010) Getting personal: feedback for the masses. Synergy 30(July):61–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Brusilovsky P (1996) Methods and techniques of adaptive hypermedia. User Model User-Adap Inter 6:87–129

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell JP, DeBlois PB, Oblinger DG (2007) Academic analytics: a new tool for a New Era. EDUCAUSE Review, vol 42. EDUCAUSE White Paper, pp 40–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Chickering AW, Gamson ZF (1987) Seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education. AAHE Bull 39(7):3–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Clow, D. (2012) The Learning Analytics Cycle: Closing the Loop Effectively. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. New York, NY, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Colvin C, Rogers T, Wade A, Dawson S, Gašević D, Buckingham Shum S et al (2016) Student retention and learning analytics: a snapshot of Australian practices and a framework for advancement. Aust Gov Off Learn Teach, Canberra, ACT

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbett AT, Koedinger KR, Anderson JR (1997) Intelligent tutoring systems. In: Heander M, Landauer TK, Prabhu P (eds) Handbook of human-computer interaction, 2nd edn. Elsevier Science B. V, pp 849–870

    Google Scholar 

  • Corrin L, de Barba P (2015) How do students interpret feedback delivered via dashboards? Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Poughkeepsie, NY, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson S (2010) ‘Seeing’ the learning community: an exploration of the development of a resource for monitoring online student networking. Br J Educ Technol 41(5):736–752. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.00970.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson S, Bakharia A, Heathcote E (2010) SNAPP: realising the affordances of real-time SNA within networked learning environments. In: Dirckinck-Holmfeld L, Hodgson V, Jones C, Laat MD, McConnell D, Ryberg T (eds) International conference on networked learning, pp 125–133

    Google Scholar 

  • De Liddo A, Buckingham Shum S, Quinto I (2011) Discourse-centric learning analytics. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Banff, Canada

    Google Scholar 

  • Diakopoulos N (2015) Algorithmic accountability. digital. Journalism 3(3):398–415. doi:10.1080/21670811.2014.976411

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietz-Uhler B, Hurn JE (2013) Using learning analytics to predict (and improve) student success: a faculty perspective. J Interact Online Learn 12(1):17–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Drachsler H, Greller W (2016) Privacy and analytics: it’s a DELICATE issue a checklist for trusted learning analytics. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics & knowledge. Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyckhoff AL, Zielke D, Bültmann M, Chatti MA, Schroeder U (2012) Design and implementation of a learning analytics toolkit for teachers. J Educ Technol Soc 15(3):58–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson R (2012a) Learning analytics: drivers, developments and challenges. Int J Technol Enhanced Learning 4(5/6):304–317. doi:10.1504/ijtel.2012.051816

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson R (2012b) The state of learning analytics in 2012: A review and future challenges a review and future challenges. Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson R, Buckingham Shum S (2011) Learning analytics to identify exploratory dialogue within synchronous text chat. In G. Conole, D. Gašević (eds) International conference on learning analytics and knowledge. ACM Press, Banff, Canada, p. 99. doi:10.1145/2090116.2090130

  • Ferguson R, Clow D, Macfadyen L, Essa A, Dawson S, Alexander S (2014) Setting learning analytics in context: overcoming the barriers to large-scale adoption. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Gašević D, Dawson S, Rogers T, Gasevic D (2016) Learning analytics should not promote one size fits all: the effects of instructional conditions in predicting academic success. Internet High Educ 28:68–84. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.10.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gašević D, Dawson S, Siemens G (2015) Let’s not forget: learning analytics are about learning. TechTrends 59(1):64–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goh T-T, Seet B-C, Chen N-S (2012) The impact of persuasive SMS on students’ self-regulated learning. Br J Educ Technol 43(4):624–640. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2011.01236.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein PJ, Katz RN (2005) Academic analytics: the uses of management information and technology in higher education. ECAR Research Study: Educause Center for Applied Research

    Google Scholar 

  • Graf S, Ives C, Rahman N, Ferri A (2011) AAT: a tool for accessing and analysing students’ behaviour data in learning systems. In: Conole G, Gašević D (eds) International conference on learning analytics and knowledge. ACM Press, Banff, Canada, pp 174–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Jayaprakash SM, Moody EW, Eitel JM, Regan JR, Baron JD (2014) Early alert of academically at-risk students: an open source analytics initiative. J Learn Anal 1:6–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones D, Beer C, Clark D (2013) The IRAC framework: locating the performance zone for learning analytics. In: 30th conference of the Australasian society for computers in learning in tertiary education. Macquarie University, Sydney, pp 446–450

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahn I, Pardo A (2016) Data2U: scalable real time student feedback in active learning environments. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Edinburgh, UK, pp 25–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Kift SM (2008) The next, great first year challenge: sustaining, coordinating and embedding coherent institution–wide approaches to enact the FYE as “everybody’s business”. Paper presented at the Pacific Rim First Year in higher education conference. Hobart, Australia

    Google Scholar 

  • Kift, S. M. (2009). Articulating a transition pedagogy to scaffold and to enhance the first year student learning experience in Australian higher education. (pp. 62): Australian Learning and Teaching Council

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight S, Littleton K (2015) Discourse-centric learning analytics: Mapping the terrain. J Learn Anal 2(1):185–209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kobsa A (2007) Privacy-enhanced web personalization. In The adaptive web. Springer, pp 628–670

    Google Scholar 

  • Krause K (2005) Understanding and promoting student engagement in university learning communities. Paper presented as keynote address: engaged, inert or otherwise occupied, pp 21-22

    Google Scholar 

  • Krumm AE, Waddington RJ, Teasley SD, Lonn S (2014) A learning management system-based early warning system for academic advising in Undergraduate engineering. In: Larusson JA, White B (eds) Learning analytics: from research to practice. Springer Science + Business Media, New York, USA, pp 103–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruse A, Pongsajapan R (2012) Student-centered learning analytics. In CNDLS thought papers. Georgetown University

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu DYT, Rogers T, Pardo A (2015) Learning analytics—are we at risk of missing the point? Paper presented at the 32nd conference of the Australasian society for computers in learning in tertiary education. Perth, Australia

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu DYT, Taylor CE, Bridgeman AJ, Bartimote-Aufflick K, Pardo A (2016) Empowering instructors through customizable collection and analyses of actionable information. Workshop on learning analytics for curriculum and program quality improvement. Edinburgh, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Lockyer L, Heathcote E, Dawson S (2013) Informing pedagogical action: aligning learning analytics with learning design. Am Behav Sci 57(10):1439–1459. doi:10.1177/0002764213479367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Long P, Siemens G (2011) Penetrating the fog: analytics in learning and education. EDUCAUSE Rev 48(5):31–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonn S, Aguilar S, Teasley SD (2013) Issues, challenges, and lessons learned when scaling up a learning analytics intervention. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Leuven

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonn S, Krumm AE, Waddington RJ, Teasley SD (2012) Bridging the gap from knowledge to action: putting analytics in the hands of academic advisors. Paper presented at the international conference on learning analytics and knowledge. Vancouver, Canada, Apr 29–May 2

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfadyen LP, Dawson S (2012) Numbers are not enough. Why e-learning analytics failed to inform an institutional strategic plan. J Educ Technol Soc 15(3):149–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Macfadyen LP, Dawson S, Pardo A, Gašević D (2014) Embracing big data in complex educational systems: the learning analytics imperative and the policy challenge. Res Pract Assess 9(2):17–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Massingham P, Herrington T (2006) Does attendance matter? An examination of student attitudes, participation, performance and attendance. J Univ Teach Learn Pract 3(2):3

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson K, Clarke J (2014) The first year experience: looking back to inform the future. HERDSA Rev High Educ 1:23–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris D, Baer LL, Leonard J, Pugliese L, Lefrere P (2008) Action analytics. Measuring and improving performance that matters in higher education. EDUCAUSE Rev 43:42–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Pistilli MD, Willis JE, Campbell JP (2014) Analytics through an institutional lens: definition, theory, design and impact. In: Larusson JA, White B (eds) Learning analytics: from research to practice. Springer, New York, pp 79–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers JR (2001) A panel-data study of the effect of student attendance on university performance. Aust J Educ 45(3):284–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers EM (2003) Diffusion of innovations, 5th edn. Free Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Shacklock X (2016) From bricks to clicks—the potential of data and analytics in higher education. Higher Education Commission

    Google Scholar 

  • Siemens G, Baker R (2012) Learning analytics and educational data mining: towards communication and collaboration. In 2nd international conference on learning analytics and knowledge, Vancouver. ACM, pp 252–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Slade S, Prinsloo P (2013) Learning analytics: ethical issues and dilemmas. Am Behav Sci 57(10):1510–1529. doi:10.1177/0002764213479366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slade S, Prinsloo P (2014) Student perspectives on the use of their data: between intrusion, surveillance and care. Paper presented at the European distance and E-learning network. Oxford, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Superby J-F, Vandamme J, Meskens N (2006) Determination of factors influencing the achievement of the first-year university students using data mining methods. In Workshop on educational data mining. Citeseer, pp 37–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanes Z, Arnold KE, King AS, Remnet MA (2011) Using signals for appropriate feedback: perceptions and practices. Comput Educ 57(4):2414–2422. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.05.016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tinto V (2006) Research and practice of student retention: what next? J Coll Stud Retention 8(1):1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verbert K, Govaerts S, Duval E, Santos JL, Assche F, Parra G et al (2014) Learning dashboards: an overview and future research opportunities. Pers Ubiquit Comput 18(6):1499–1514. doi:10.1007/s00779-013-0751-2

    Google Scholar 

  • Verpoorten D, Westera W, Specht M (2011) A first approach to “Learning Dashboards” in formal learning contexts. Paper presented at the 1st international workshop on enhancing learning with ambient displays and visualization techniques. Palermo, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • West D, Huijser H, Lizzio A, Toohey D, Miles C, Searle B, et al (2015) Learning analytics: assisting Universities with student retention, Final Report (Part 1). Australian Government Office for Learning and Teaching

    Google Scholar 

  • Wise AF (2014) Designing pedagogical interventions to support student use of learning analytics. In: Pardo A, Teasley SD (eds) International conference on learning analytics and knowledge. ACM Press, pp 203–211. doi:10.1145/2567574.2567588

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the many teaching and support staff who have patiently implemented the SRES in their units of study, supported its use, and provided valuable feedback.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abelardo Pardo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Liu, D.YT., Bartimote-Aufflick, K., Pardo, A., Bridgeman, A.J. (2017). Data-Driven Personalization of Student Learning Support in Higher Education. In: Peña-Ayala, A. (eds) Learning Analytics: Fundaments, Applications, and Trends. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 94. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52977-6_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52977-6_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-52976-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-52977-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics