Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Splints and Orthoses

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Shoulder

Part of the book series: Orthopaedic Study Guide Series ((ORTHSTUDY))

Abstract

Shoulder injuries are commonly seen in athletes, particularly in overhead athletes (baseball, handball, volleyball, swimming, track and field throwing events, and tennis), and considered important because it leads to disability. A considerable amount of these injuries are considered as the overuse injuries of muscles, tendons, and joints. These overuse injuries may stem from incorrect postures, inappropriate overloading, and overhead throws and striking activities [1]. Shoulder braces are mainly used for athletes with shoulder injuries as supporting the rehabilitation program. Clinically, athletic trainers might use bracing or taping in the corrective exercise program as a complementary therapy or to restore normal length-tension relation in muscle during the exercise program as a main therapy itself. Therefore, for a better understanding of the effects of these braces requires further clinical experiment on different types of subjects and with different designs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Cole AK, McGrath ML, Harrington SE, Padua DA, Rucinski TJ, Prentice WE. Scapular bracing and alteration of posture and muscle activity in overhead athletes with poor posture. J Athl Train. 2013;48(1):12–24.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Kotelnicki JJ, Bote HO, Mitts KG. The management of clavicle fractures. JAAPA 2006;19(9):50, 53–4, 6.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Lazarus MD. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Bucholz RW, Heckman JD, editors. Rockwood and Green’s fractures in adults. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Wilkins; 2001. p. 1041–78.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Stanley D, Trowbridge EA, Norris SH. The mechanism of clavicular fracture. A clinical and biomechanical analysis. J Bone Joint Surg. 1988;70(3):461–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Allman Jr FL. Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation. J Bone and Joint Surg. 1967;49(4):774–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Nordqvist A, Petersson CJ, Redlund-Johnell I. Mid-clavicle fractures in adults: end result study after conservative treatment. J Orthop Trauma. 1998;12(8):572–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Crenshaw Jr AH, Perez EA. Fractures of the shoulder, arm and forearm. In: Canale ST, Beaty JH, editors. Campbell’s operative orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby; 2007. p. 3389–98.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lenza M, Belloti JC, Andriolo RB, Faloppa F. Conservative interventions for treating middle third clavicle fractures in adolescents and adults (review). Cochrane Libr 2014;5:1–37

    Google Scholar 

  9. Rutgers M, Ring D. Treatment of diaphyseal fracture of humerus using functional brace. J Orthop Trauma. 2006;20:597–601.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Sarmiento A, Kinman PB, Galvin EG, et al. Functional bracing of fractures of the shaft of the humerus. J Bone Joint Surg. 1977;59A:596–601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Blafour GW, Mooney V, Ashby ME. Diaphyseal fractures of the humerus treated with a ready-made fracture brace. J Bone Joint Surg. 1982;64A:11–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Zagorski JB, Latta LL, Zych GA, et al. Diaphyseal fractures of the humerus treated with prefabricated braces. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:607–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Bell MJ, Beauchamp CG, Kellam JK, et al. The results of plating humeral shaft fractures in patients with multiple injuries. J Bone Joint Surg. 1985;67B:293–6.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kapil Mani KC, Gopal Sagar DC, Rijal L, Govinda KC, Shrestha BL. Study on outcome of fracture shaft of the humerus treated non-operatively with a functional brace. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2013;23(3):323–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sarmiento A, Latta LL. Functional fracture bracing. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1999;7(1):66–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ali E, Griffiths D, Obi N, Tytherleigh-Strong G, Van Rensburg L. Nonoperative treatment of humeral shaft fractures revisited. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2015;24(2):210–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Adler D, Siekmann H. [Conservative therapy with a brace for periprosthetic humeral fractures. Clinical and radiological results after 19 months]. [Article in German]. Orthopade 2014;43(6):575–81.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Whelan DB, Litchfield R, Wambolt E, Dainty KN. External rotation immobilization for primary shoulder dislocation: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014;472(8):2380–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Finestone A, Milgrom C, Radeva-Petrova DR, Rath E, Barchilon V, Beyth S, Jaber S, Safran O. Bracing in external rotation for traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2009;91(7):918–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Hatta T, Sano H, Yamamoto N, Itoi E. Immobilizing performances, comfort, and user-friendliness of the shoulder abduction-external rotation braces. Ups J Med Sci. 2013;118(2):105–10.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Jordan RW, Saithna A, Old J, MacDonald P. Does external rotation bracing for anterior shoulder dislocation actually result in reduction of the labrum? A systematic review. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(9):2328–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Yin B, Levy D, Meadows M, Moen T, Gorroochurn P, Cadet ER, Levine WN, Ahmad CS. How does external rotation bracing influence motion and functional scores after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014;472(8):2389–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Lacy K, Cooke C, Cooke P, Schupbach J, Vaidya R. Low-cost alternative external rotation shoulder brace and review of treatment in acute shoulder dislocations. West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(1):114–20.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Seybold D, Schliemann B, Heyer CM, Muhr G, Gekle C. Which labral lesion can be best reduced with external rotation of the shoulder after a first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2008;29:318–24.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Weise K, Sitler MR, Tierney R, Swanik KA. Effectiveness of Glenohumeral-Joint Stability Braces in Limiting Active and Passive Shoulder Range of Motion in Collegiate Football Players. J Athl Train. 2004;39(2):151–55.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Canbora K, Kose O, Gurkan U, Polat A, Erdem S, Haklar U. Cardiovascular effects of abduction shoulder sling in elderly patients; is it really safe? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2013;133(11):1557–60.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Alenabi T, Jackson M, Tetreault P, Begon M. Electromyographic activity in the shoulder musculature during resistance training exercises of the ipsilateral upper limb while wearing a shoulder orthosis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2014;23:140–48.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Alenabi T, Jackson M, Tetreault P, Begon M. Electromyographic activity in the immobilized shoulder musculature during ipsilateral elbow, wrist, and finger movements while wearing a shoulder orthosis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2013;22:1400–07.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lee J, Cynna H, Yoona T, Koa C, Choia W, Choia S, Choi B. The effect of scapular posterior tilt exercise, pectoralis minor stretching, and shoulder brace on scapular alignment and muscles activity in subjects with round-shoulder posture. J Electromyogr and Kinesiol. 2015;25(1):107–14.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Nilgün Bek P.T., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Nilgün Bek P.T., Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nilgün Bek P.T., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Gazi Huri

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Nikolaos K. Paschos

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bek, N. (2017). Splints and Orthoses. In: Huri, G., Paschos, N. (eds) The Shoulder. Orthopaedic Study Guide Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51979-1_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51979-1_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51977-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51979-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation