Skip to main content

Topoi and Tekmēria: Rhetorical Fluidity among Aristotle, Isocrates, and Alcidamas

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Topologies as Techniques for a Post-Critical Rhetoric
  • 333 Accesses

Abstract

Topological criticism gains dynamism when it attends to texts’ chronologies. The topos in Aristotle’s Rhetoric gains clarity when read within the context of Aristotle’s spatial metaphor of reasoning as cognitive motion. Further, the dynamics of probabilistic topoi over time can be more clearly understood when conjoined with a focus on tekmēria, signs held to be necessary in the negative spaces of self-evidence and impossibility. The quasi-dialogue between Isocrates’ Against the Sophists and Alcidamas’ About the Writers of Written Speeches, a debate about the relative temporal characteristics of written and oral discourse, offers warrants for the claims that topological criticism can be dynamic. Read together, these texts reveal the workings of time-in-texts and texts-in-time at the fulcrum between orality and literacy in ancient Greek thought.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Alcidamas: The Works and Fragments, ed. and Trans. J. V. Muir. London: Bristol Classical Press (Duckworth), 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aristotle. 2006. The “Art” of Rhetoric, ed. and Trans. John Henry Freese. Cambridge, MA/London: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cassin, Barbara. 2014. “Topos/Kairos: Two Modes of Invention.” In Sophistical Practice: Toward a Consistent Relativism, 87–101. New York: Fordham University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Di Piazza, Salvatore, and Francesca Piazza. 2016. “The Words of Conjecture: Semiotics and Epistemology in Ancient Medicine and Rhetoric.” Rhetorica 34, no. 1: 1–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eberly, Rosa A., and Jeremy David Johnson. 2017. “Isocratean Tropos and Mediated Multiplicity.” In Ancient Rhetorics + Digital Networks, ed. Michele Kennerly and Damien Pfister. University of Alabama Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gagarin, Michael, and Paul Woodruff, ed. 1995. Early Greek Political Thought from Homer to the Sophists. Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grimaldi, W.M.A. 1980. “Semeion, Tekmerion, Eikos in Aristotle’s Rhetoric.” The American Journal of Philology 4: 383–398.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harari, Orna. 2012. “Simplicius on Tekmeriodic Proofs.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 43: 366–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isocrates, Against the Sophists, Greek text from Isocrates vol. II, ed. and Trans. George Norlin. Cambridge, MA/London: Harvard University Press, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraus, Manfred. 2011. “How to Classify Means of Persuasion: The Rhetoric to Alexander and Aristotle on Pisteis.” Rhetorica 29: 263–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lentz, Tony. 1989. Orality and Literacy in Hellenic Greece. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macagno, Fabrizio, and Douglas Walton. 2015. “Classifying the Patterns of Natural Arguments.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 48: 26–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noël, Marie-Pierre. 2011. “Isocrates and the Rhetoric to Alexander: Meaning and Uses of Tekmerion.” Rhetorica 29: 319–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reguero, M. Carmen Encinas. 2009. “La evolución de algunos conceptos retóricos. Semeion y tekmerion del s. V al IV a.C.” Rhetorica 27: 373–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhardt, Tobias. 2007. “Techniques of Proof in 4th Century Rhetoric: Ar. Rhet. 2.23-24 and Pre-Aristotelian Rhetorical Theory.” Influences on Peripatetic Rhetoric, ed. David C. Mirhady.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rickert, Thomas. 2013. Ambient Rhetoric: Attunements of Rhetorical Being. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiappa, Edward. 1990, Winter. “Did Plato Coin Rhētorikē?” The American Journal of Philology 111, no. 4: 457–470. http://www.jstor.org/stable/295241

  • Van Hook, LaRue. 1919. “Alcidamas Versus Isocrates; The Spoken Versus the Written Word.” The Classical Weekly 12: 89–94. www.jstor.org/stable/4387752

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cody, A.W., Eberly, R.A. (2017). Topoi and Tekmēria: Rhetorical Fluidity among Aristotle, Isocrates, and Alcidamas. In: Walsh, L., Boyle, C. (eds) Topologies as Techniques for a Post-Critical Rhetoric. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51268-6_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51268-6_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51267-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51268-6

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics