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Inflammatory Disorders of the Nervous System pp 139–159Cite as

Cell-Derived Microparticles/Exosomes in Neuroinflammation

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Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

Abstract

The roles of cell-derived microparticles (MP) in neuroinflammatory disorders are increasingly recognized as fundamental. Exosomes are now established as a well-defined subclass of MP. A major function is transport of many inflammatory mediators, now including gene-modulating RNA transcripts. Topics covered include traumatic brain injury, stroke, vascular dementia, infectious viral diseases, and the neurodegenerative/protein-misfolding diseases (ALS, MS, PD, etc.). It concludes with review of MP-based therapeutic strategies, including use of MP as vectors of gene therapy (via siRNA) and for drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier. Results to date are highly promising. It is expected that in the near future, this field will lead to improved understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions as well as more effective treatments for those condition.

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Abbreviations

ALS:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

MS:

Multiple sclerosis

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

TBI:

Traumatic brain injury

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Acknowledgment

For their support, the Wallace H. Coulter Foundation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Miami, Department of Medicine (Wallace H. Coulter Platelet Laboratory), 1600 NW 10TH Ave., Mail Code R36A, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    Lawrence L. Horstman BS, Wenche Jy PhD & Yeon S. Ahn MD

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  1. Lawrence L. Horstman BS
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  2. Wenche Jy PhD
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  3. Yeon S. Ahn MD
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Correspondence to Wenche Jy PhD .

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  1. Department of Neurology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA

    Alireza Minagar

  2. Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA

    J. Steven Alexander

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Horstman, L.L., Jy, W., Ahn, Y.S. (2017). Cell-Derived Microparticles/Exosomes in Neuroinflammation. In: Minagar, A., Alexander, J. (eds) Inflammatory Disorders of the Nervous System. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51220-4_6

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