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Imaging Findings of Tuberculosis of the Cranial and Peripheral Nerves

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Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System

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Abstract

Cranial and peripheral nerve involvement in TB of CNS is not uncommon, presenting in the setting of diffuse leptomeningeal TB or attributed to lesions along their extra-axial courses of respective nerves. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for determining the involvement of various structures due to TB and to differentiate it from its mimickers. If the disease is localized, MRI is quintessential to plan for surgical decompression. It is also invaluable to assess for disease outcome. The authors discuss a Pandora’s box, oft-seen yet less known.

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Abbreviations

AFB:

Acid fast bacilli

CN:

Cranial nerve

CNS :

Central nervous system

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

DR:

Drug resistant

EMB:

Ethambutol

EON:

Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy

ICP:

Intracranial pressure

IL:

Interleukin

INH:

Isoniazid

LETM:

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis

MDR:

Multidrug resistant

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

NAT2:

N-acetyltransferase type 2

OCA:

Optochiasmatic arachnoiditis

OM:

Otitis media

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PN:

Peripheral neuropathy

SNHL:

Sensorineural hearing loss

TB:

Tuberculosis

TBM:

Tuberculous meningitis

TOM:

Tubercular otitis media

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India

    Mudit Gupta DNB

  2. Neuroimaging & Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Science, Bengaluru, India

    Jitender Saini MD, DM

  3. Department of Radiology and Imaging, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

    Rakesh Kumar Gupta MD

Authors
  1. Mudit Gupta DNB
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  2. Jitender Saini MD, DM
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  3. Rakesh Kumar Gupta MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Gupta MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey

    Mehmet Turgut

  2. Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech, Rabat, Morocco

    Ali Akhaddar

  3. Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

    Ahmet T. Turgut

  4. King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ravindra K. Garg

Conclusion

Conclusion

We conclude that cranial and peripheral nerve involvement in TB is not uncommon and may be affected by the disease or may be drug induced [109] and should be treated as per the cause of its involvement.

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Gupta, M., Saini, J., Gupta, R.K. (2017). Imaging Findings of Tuberculosis of the Cranial and Peripheral Nerves. In: Turgut, M., Akhaddar, A., Turgut, A., Garg, R. (eds) Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50712-5_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50712-5_24

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-50711-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-50712-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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