Abstract
The development and application of numerical control (NC) systems are described in this chapter. NC is an extraordinary technology, upon which most industrial resources are based. Starting from simple NC machines, the method evolved into Direct Numerical Control (DNC) and then into systems such as Industrial Robots , AS/RS, Machining centers , and, in a return of sorts, into Cellular Manufacturing . The incredible computerized machines has greatly contributed to flexibility in manufacturing, although this only applies to the hardware capabilities. Manufacturing, however, is sustained on two legs: hardware and software. The software is lagging behind in this respect and could practically be considered the missing link in system flexibility.
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Notes
- 1.
This sections is based on the Wikipedia article on Milling (machining), the subsections Alternative terminology and Computer Numerical Control.
- 2.
The material in this section has been adapted from CIRP—The International Academy for Production Engineering, “On Line Scheduling for Flexible Manufacturing Systems” Author: Gideon Halevi, Roland Weill, Technion, Haifa. Published in Annals of the CIRP Vol. 33/1/1984, pp. 331–334. Used with permission.
- 3.
The material in this section has been adapted from the paper titled “Analysis of Flexible Manufacturing Systems with priority scheduling” by Sarit Shalev-Oren, Abraham Seidmnan of Tel-Aviv University, and Paul Scheitzer of University of Ben-Gurion. Published at the International Conference and Exhibition on the “Factory of the Future”, Tel-Aviv Convention Center, November 4–7, 1984, pp. 293–298. No copyright or claims. Public Domain permission.
- 4.
The material in this section has been adapted from the paper “Automated Factories in the Year 2000” by Mikell P. Groover, in the Journal of Industrial Engineering, November 1980, Volume 12, Number 11, pp. 34, 40, 42–43.
- 5.
The material in this section has been adapted from the paper “CIM as a basis for the Factory of the future” by M. Eugene Merchent, published at the International Conference on the Factory of the Future, at the Tel-Aviv Convention Center, November 4–7, 1984, pp. 193–212, No copyright and claims. Public Domain permission.
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Halevi, G. (2017). Numerical Control. In: Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations. Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50702-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50702-6_3
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