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How, When, and Why Do People Change Through Psychological Interventions?—Patient-Focused Psychotherapy Research

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Routine Outcome Monitoring in Couple and Family Therapy

Part of the book series: European Family Therapy Association Series ((EFTAS))

Abstract

For many years, empirical psychotherapy research has been concerned with establishing the average effectivity of different forms of psychotherapy as well as with the search for differential effects between them. This focus on the “average patient” has resulted in a gap between nomothetic research and clinician’s ideographical work. This chapter presents recent developments in patient-focused research which is focused on generating decision rules and tools for the treatment of individual patients. These personalized recommendations can be made before the beginning and during the course of treatment. Before the actual start of treatment, the most promising treatment approach or strategy for an individual patient is estimated based on this patient’s intake characteristics and data from patients who have already been treated (personalized treatment selection ). Patient progress is continuously assessed during treatment and compared to the predicted course for that patient. During treatment, this information is fed back to the treating clinicians in order to help them identify whether the patient is at risk of treatment failure. Knowing whether a patient is at risk of not profiting from the intervention helps therapists to be better able to adapt their treatments to the needs of their patients and thus prevent treatment failure (personalized treatment adaptation ). However, feedback is not equally effective for every patient and therapist. Recent research on moderators and mediators of these effects are discussed in the last section of the chapter.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Patient-focused research (PFR) should be seen synonymous to the expression “patient-oriented research (POR)” used elsewhere in this book, e.g., in Chaps. 1 and 16.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Trier, 54286, Trier, Germany

    Julian A. Rubel & Wolfgang Lutz

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  1. Julian A. Rubel
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  1. Modum Bad, Vikersund, Norway

    Terje Tilden

  2. University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

    Bruce E. Wampold

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Rubel, J.A., Lutz, W. (2017). How, When, and Why Do People Change Through Psychological Interventions?—Patient-Focused Psychotherapy Research. In: Tilden, T., Wampold, B. (eds) Routine Outcome Monitoring in Couple and Family Therapy. European Family Therapy Association Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50675-3_13

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