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Eco-Friendly Post-Consumer Waste Management Utilizing Vermitechnology

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Green Technologies and Environmental Sustainability

Abstract

Solid waste could be defined as the unwanted solid fractions which are generated from domestic and commercial sectors, trade centres, industrial activities, agricultural practices, various institutions and mining activities. Out of the various categories of municipal solid waste, post-consumer waste was of our concern as these wastes are no longer recycled and have the possibility of creating aesthetic pollution in particular. One of the post-consumer wastes is the paper cups which are found in large quantum occupying the MSW. Though there exists many numbers of techniques to manage these wastes, vermitechnology was found to be the simplest, cost-effective methodology for its management. Equal ratio of paper cup waste and cow dung was formed to get decomposed into manure with a C/N ratio<20 within a period of 19 weeks due to the activity of Eudrilus eugeniae. The bacterial strains such as Bacillus anthracis (KM289159), Bacillus endophyticus (KM289167), Bacillus funiculus (KM289165), Virigibacillius chiquenigi (KM289163), Bacillus thuringiensis (KM289164), Bacillus cereus (KM289160), Bacillus toyonensis (KM289161), Acinetobacter baumannii (KM289162) and Lactobacillus pantheries (KM289166) were identified and are confirmed by 16srRNA sequencing. The enzymes such as amylase, cellulose and protease were assayed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Further the cellulose degradation was confirmed with the bacterial consortia using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis. The arearetention (380,620–245,696) and height reduction (6061–3303) confirmed the same. The change in the catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase was recorded. On comparison, the SOD is found to vary during the paper cup decomposition and thus the parameter acts as a biomarker. During the plastic separation from the paper cup by the earthworm in the 8th week, the morphological and histological changes were also recorded. But it was clear that the earthworms required their lost weight when introduced into fresh waste again. Hence, vermicomposting is one of the eco-friendly methods for the post-consumer waste degradation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors from Bharathidasan University acknowledge the UGC-NON SAP, DST-FIST for providing the necessary facilities in the department and expresses thanks to Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change (MoEF), New Delhi for the sanctioning of the project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Vasanthy, A. Karthika & D. Tamilselvi

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki-Daigaku, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan

    V. Sivasankar & Kiyoshi Omine

  3. Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, 600 030, Tamil Nadu, India

    V. Sivasankar

  4. Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa’s College, Chennai, 600 030, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Prabhakaran

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Correspondence to M. Vasanthy .

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  1. Department of Environmnetal Science, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India

    Ritu Singh

  2. School for Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sanjeev Kumar

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Vasanthy, M., Sivasankar, V., Prabhakaran, M., Karthika, A., Tamilselvi, D., Omine, K. (2017). Eco-Friendly Post-Consumer Waste Management Utilizing Vermitechnology. In: Singh, R., Kumar, S. (eds) Green Technologies and Environmental Sustainability. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50654-8_12

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