Skip to main content

Future Research Directions for Transnational Entrepreneurship

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Iranian Entrepreneurship

Abstract

More literature about entrepreneurship is focusing on cultural behavior but less is known about more hybrid forms of entrepreneurship that combine culture, ethnicity, immigration and internationalization such as transnational entrepreneurship. This is due to transnational entrepreneurship being an emerging research field that is growing in significance due to increased migration levels and a more global diaspora. This chapter examines transnational entrepreneurship by suggesting a number of research avenues including emphasizing individuals’ links to sports and other cultural significant events that encourage their transnational entrepreneurship.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Basch, E., Glick-Schiller, N., & Blanc-Szanton, C. (1994). Nations unbound: Transnational projects, post colonial predicaments and deterritorialized nation states. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chand, M., & Ghorbani, M. (2011). National culture, networks and ethnic entrepreneurship: A comparison of the Indian and Chinese immigrants in the US. International Business Review, 20(6), 593–606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Churchill, S. A. (2016). Fractionalization, entrepreneurship, and the institutional environment for entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, J. (2002). Chinese entrepreneurs: The chinese diaspora in Australia. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 8(1–2), 113–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fairlie, R., & Robb, A. (2007). Why are black-owned businesses less successful than white-owned businesses? The role of families, inheritances, and business human capital. Journal of Labour Economics, 25(2), 289–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greve, A., & Salaff, J. W. (2003). Social networks and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(1), 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahim, G., & Galt, V. (2011). Explaining ethnic entrepreneurship: an evolutionary economics approach. International Business Review, 20(6), 607–613.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan-Nas, T., Sahin, K., & Cilingir, Z. (2011). International ethnic entrepreneurship: Antecedents, outcomes and environmental context. International Business Review, 20(6), 614–626.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kitching, J., Smallbone, D., & Athayde, R. (2009). Ethnic transnationals and business competitiveness: Minority-owned enterprises in London. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 35(4), 689–705.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ladolt, P. (2001). Salvadoran economic transnationalism: Embedded strategies for household maintenance, immigrant incorporation, and entrepreneurial expansion. Global Networks, 1(3), 217–242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levie, J. (2007). Immigration, in-migration, ethnicity and entrepreneurship in the United Kingdom. Small Business Economics, 28, 143–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ley, D. (2006). Explaining variations in business performance among immigrant entrepreneurs in Canada. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 32, 743–764.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Light, I. (1994). Beyond the ethnic enclave economy. Social Problems, 41, 601–616.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maas, M. (2005). Transnational entrepreneurship: Exploring determinants and impacts of a Dutch-based Filipino immigrant business. Asian and Pacific migration journal, 14(1–2), 169–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McEvily, B., & Marcus, A. (2005). Embedded ties and the acquisition of competitive capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 26(11), 1033–1055.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mustafa, M., & Chen, S. (2010). The strength of family networks in transnational immigrant entrepreneurship. Thunderbird International Business Review, 52(2), 97–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nwankwo, S. (2005). Characterisation of Black African entrepreneurship in the United Kingdom: A pilot study. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 12(1), 120–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nwankwo, S., Akunuri, J., & Madichie, N. (2010). Supporting black businesses: Narratives of support providers in London. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 16(6), 561–580.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ojo, S. (2012). Ethnic enclaves to diaspora entrepreneurs: A critical appraisal of black British Africans’ Transnational Entrepreneurship in London. Journal of African Business, 13(2), 145–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pang, C.L.& Rath, J. (2006). The force of regulation in the land of the free. The Persistence of Chinatown, Washington D.C. as a symbolic ethnic enclave. In M. Lounsbury & M. Ruef (Eds.). 2006 Volume of RSO (research in the sociology of organizations). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, S. C. (2004). The economics of self-employment and entrepreneurship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Peroni, C., Riillo, C. A., & Sarracino, F. (2016). Entrepreneurship and immigration: evidence from GEM Luxembourg. Small Business Economics, 46(4), 639–656.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phan, M. B., & Luk, C. M. (2007). I don’t say I have a business in Chinatown: Chinese sub-ethnic relations in Toronto’s Chinatown West. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 31(2), 294–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Portes, A., Haller, W., & Guarnizo, L. E. (2002). Transnational entrepreneurs. An alternative form of immigrant economic adaptation. American Sociological Review, 67(2), 278–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ram, M. (1998). Enterprise support and ethnic minority firms. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 24(1), 143–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadani, V., Rexhepi, G., GĂ«rguri-Rashiti, S., Ibraimi, S., & Dana, L.-P. (2014). Ethnic entrepreneurship in Macedonia: the case of Albanian entrepreneurs. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 23(3), 313–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramamurti, R. (2004). Developing countries and MNEs: Extending and enriching the research agenda. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(4), 277–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratten, V. (2006). Policy drivers of international entrepreneurship in Europe. Euromed Journal of Business, 1(2), 15–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratten, V. (2012). Entrepreneurship, e-finance and mobile banking. International Journal of Electronic Finance, 6(1), 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratten, V. (2013). Social entrepreneurship and technological innovations: The role of online communities, mobile communication and social networks. International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2(5), 476–485.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratten, V. (2014). Encouraging collaborative entrepreneurship in developing countries: The current challenges and a research agenda. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 6(3), 298–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratten, V. (2015). Athletes as entrepreneurs: The role of social capital and leadership ability. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 25(4), 442–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saxenian, A. L. (2002). Transnational communities and the evolution of global production networks: The cases of Taiwan. China and India. Industry and Innovation, 9(3), 183–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smallbone, D., Bertotti, M., & Ekanem, I. (2005). Diversification in ethnic minority business: The case of Asians in London’s creative industries. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 12(1), 41–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smallbone, D., Kitching, J., & Athayde, R. (2010). Ethnic diversity, entrepreneurship and competitiveness in a global city. International Small Business Journal, 28(2), 174–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stiles, C. H., & Galbraith, C. S. (2004). Ethnic entrepreneurship: Structure and process. Oxford: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, I., & Stubbs, C. (2007). Enterprising expatriates: Lifestyle migration and entrepreneurship in rural Southern Europe. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 19, 433–450.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira, C. (2001). Community resources and opportunities in ethnic economies: A case study of Portuguese and Black entrepreneurs in Toronto. Urban Studies, 38(11), 2055–2078.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valdez, Z. (2008). The effect of social capital on White, Korean, Mexican and Black business owners’ earnings in the US. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(6), 955–971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waldinger, R. D., Aldrich, H., & Ward, R. (1990). Ethnic entrepreneurs: Immigrant business in industrial societies (Vol. 1). Sage Publications, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong, L. L., & Ng, S. M. (2002). The emergence of small transnational enterprise in Vancouver: The case of Chinese immigrants. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 26(3), 508–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vanessa Ratten .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ratten, V. (2017). Future Research Directions for Transnational Entrepreneurship. In: Rezaei, S., Dana, LP., Ramadani, V. (eds) Iranian Entrepreneurship. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50639-5_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics