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Exploiting the Gastric Epithelial Barrier: Helicobacter pylori’s Attack on Tight and Adherens Junctions

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Book cover Molecular Pathogenesis and Signal Transduction by Helicobacter pylori

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 400))

Abstract

Highly organized intercellular tight and adherens junctions are crucial structural components for establishing and maintenance of epithelial barrier functions, which control the microbiota and protect against intruding pathogens in humans. Alterations in these complexes represent key events in the development and progression of multiple infectious diseases as well as various cancers. The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori exerts an amazing set of strategies to manipulate these epithelial cell-to-cell junctions, which are implicated in changing cell polarity, migration and invasive growth as well as pro-inflammatory and proliferative responses. This chapter focuses on the H. pylori pathogenicity factors VacA, CagA, HtrA and urease, and how they can induce host cell signaling involved in altering cell-to-cell permeability. We propose a stepwise model for how H. pylori targets components of tight and adherens junctions in order to disrupt the gastric epithelial cell layer, giving fresh insights into the pathogenesis of this important bacterium.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants of the German Science Foundation (project B10 in CRC-796 and A4 in CRC-1181) to SB. The work of SW was supported by the grants P-24074 and P-24315 from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).

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  1. Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany

    Steffen Backert & Aileen Harrer

  2. Division of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Biology, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Billroth Str. 11, 5020, Salzburg, Austria

    Thomas P. Schmidt & Silja Wessler

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  1. Steffen Backert
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  2. Thomas P. Schmidt
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Correspondence to Steffen Backert or Silja Wessler .

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  1. Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

    Nicole Tegtmeyer

  2. Divisioin of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

    Steffen Backert

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Backert, S., Schmidt, T.P., Harrer, A., Wessler, S. (2017). Exploiting the Gastric Epithelial Barrier: Helicobacter pylori’s Attack on Tight and Adherens Junctions. In: Tegtmeyer, N., Backert, S. (eds) Molecular Pathogenesis and Signal Transduction by Helicobacter pylori. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 400. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50520-6_9

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