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Human and Helicobacter pylori Interactions Determine the Outcome of Gastric Diseases

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Molecular Pathogenesis and Signal Transduction by Helicobacter pylori

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 400))

Abstract

The innate immune response is a critical hallmark of Helicobacter pylori infection. Epithelial and myeloid cells produce effectors, including the chemokine CXCL8, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO), in response to bacterial components. Mechanistic and epidemiologic studies have emphasized that dysregulated and persistent release of these products leads to the development of chronic inflammation and to the molecular and cellular events related to carcinogenesis. Moreover, investigations in H. pylori-infected patients about polymorphisms of the genes encoding CXCL8 and inducible NO synthase, and epigenetic control of the ROS-producing enzyme spermine oxidase, have further proven that overproduction of these molecules impacts the severity of gastric diseases. Lastly, the critical effect of the crosstalk between the human host and the infecting bacterium in determining the severity of H. pylori-related diseases has been supported by phylogenetic analysis of the human population and their H. pylori isolates in geographic areas with varying clinical and pathologic outcomes of the infection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

    Alain P. Gobert & Keith T. Wilson

  2. Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

    Keith T. Wilson

  3. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

    Keith T. Wilson

  4. Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

    Keith T. Wilson

  5. Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA

    Alain P. Gobert & Keith T. Wilson

  6. Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA

    Keith T. Wilson

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  1. Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

    Nicole Tegtmeyer

  2. Divisioin of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen/Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

    Steffen Backert

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Gobert, A.P., Wilson, K.T. (2017). Human and Helicobacter pylori Interactions Determine the Outcome of Gastric Diseases. In: Tegtmeyer, N., Backert, S. (eds) Molecular Pathogenesis and Signal Transduction by Helicobacter pylori. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 400. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50520-6_2

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