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Integrated In Situ Investigations for the Restoration: The Case of Regio VIII in Pompeii

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Sensing the Past

Part of the book series: Geotechnologies and the Environment ((GEOTECH,volume 16))

Abstract

This chapter presents the study case of the integration of noninvasive in situ investigation methods able to provide information useful to survey and characterize the state of decay of some masonry walls and frescoes in two blocks (insulae) of the Regio VIII in Pompeii. The integrated investigations demonstrated the complementarity of ground-penetrating radar (GPR), seismic tomography, and infrared thermography (IRT) for the diagnosis of the state of conservation and the restoration of structures and surfaces of archaeological monuments. The investigation was very useful in planning the restoration work.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The evolution of Pompeian painting is distinguished in four periods, each one characterized by a distinct style by the German archaeologist August Mau (1900). The first style, known also as an encrustation or masonry style, dominated a period between 200 BC and 80 BC. It is characterized by the simulation of some materials such as marble and architectural elements such as wooden beams, white cornices and pillars, and the use of vivid colors. The second style, also referred to as illusionism or the architectural style, was most popular in the first century BCE. It is characterized by the use of trompe l’oeil compositions to create the optical illusion of three-dimensional objects, architectural elements, and landscapes. The third style, or ornate style, was popular in the last two decades of the first century BCE. It developed as a reaction against the austerity of the second style. Fourth-style paintings depict large-scale narrative scenes and panoramic views.

  2. 2.

    The petrographic analyses have been conducted by Giovanni Quarta and Davide Melica of CNR-IBAM.

  3. 3.

    The Kirchhoff two-dimensional (2D)–velocity migration is done in the x–t range, which means that a weighted summation for each point of the profile over a calculated hyperbola of preset bandwidth is performed. The GPR data processing was performed used GPR-slice software (Goodman 2013).

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Acknowledgements

The present publication is based on the results of non invasive investigations performed in 2015 by CNR_IBAM, funded by Samoa srl, for the restoration of Regio VIII.

Author Contributions

N. Masini conceived the study. N. Masini and M. Sileo wrote the paper, with the contribution of G. Leucci for paragraphs 29.3.2. 29.3.3 and 29.4.2, and A. D’Antonio for the study area (paragraph 29.2). F. Soldovieri reviewed the manuscript. GPR and seismic data have been acquired by G. Leucci, L. De Giorgi and M. Sileo. Leucci and Sileo processed GPR data. Seismic data have been processed by Leucci. Infrared data have been acquired and processed by M. Sileo. The terrestrial surveys has been performed by M. Scavone, A. Pecci and A. D’Antonio, the UAV-based surveys has been made by A. Pecci. The interpretation of data has been done by N. Masini, G. Leucci, M. Scavone, M. Sileo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNR-IBAM Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage, C. da Santa Loja, 85050, Tito Scalo, Potenza, Italy

    Nicola Masini, Maria Sileo, Antonio D’Antonio, Antonio Pecci & Manuela Scavone

  2. Institute of Archaeological and Monumental Heritage, CNR (National Research Council)-IBAM (Italy), Lecce, Italy

    Giovanni Leucci & Lara de Giorgi

  3. Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (CNR-IREA), Via Diocleziano 328, 80124, Napoli, Italy

    Francesco Soldovieri

Authors
  1. Nicola Masini
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  8. Manuela Scavone
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Correspondence to Nicola Masini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CNR-IBAM Institute of Archaeological and Monumental Heritage, Tito Scalo, Potenza, Italy

    Nicola Masini

  2. Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (CNR-IREA), Napoli, Italy

    Francesco Soldovieri

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Masini, N. et al. (2017). Integrated In Situ Investigations for the Restoration: The Case of Regio VIII in Pompeii. In: Masini, N., Soldovieri, F. (eds) Sensing the Past. Geotechnologies and the Environment, vol 16. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50518-3_29

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