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Gonimon

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Apeiron

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy ((BRIEFSPHILOSOPH))

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Abstract

Based on secondary reports, one can assume that the works of the Presocratics dealt with the origin of the world, its appearance and transformations. These issues were expressed, as we will demonstrate, in words that describe the features of life. Living beings can move by themselves and we are used to thinking that this is what distinguishes them from ‘inanimate’ nature. The Milesians, however, understood life in a broader sense than is immediately apparent. Their theories of nature are known as hylozoism, which means that they understood matter to have the property of life and growth

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Cf. Furley (1987, 18), Naddaf (2005, 66).

  2. 2.

    Aristotle, De an. 405a19  = DK 11A22 = Gr Axr34 = TP1 Th31.

  3. 3.

    DL I.24  = DK 11A1 = Gr Ths1 = TP1 Th237; Schol. Plat. Rem publ. 600a  = DK 11A3 = TP1 Th578, not in Gr.

  4. 4.

    Aristotle, De an. 411a7  = DK 11A22 = Gr Ths35 = TP1 Th32.

  5. 5.

    Aetius, Plac. I.3.4  = DK 13B2 = Gr Axs8 = TP2 As35; translation slightly adapted.

  6. 6.

    Pseudo-Plutarch, Strom. 2  = DK 12A10 = Gr Axr19 = TP2 Ar101.

  7. 7.

    Graham (2006, 7); cf. Kahn (1994, 57); Dox 579, note at line 13.

  8. 8.

    Kahn (1994, 57).

  9. 9.

    Graham (2006, 7) and Gr Axs8.

  10. 10.

    McKirahan (2010, 36). Similarly Wöhrle in TP2 Ar101: “Er sagt, bei der Entstehung dieser unserer Welt hätte sich aus dem Ewigen das, was Wärme und Kälte erzeugt, abgesondert”. See, however, Wörhle’s alternative translation, discussed below.

  11. 11.

    Finkelberg (1993, 246).

  12. 12.

    Graham (2006, 7).

  13. 13.

    Heidel (1912, 229); cf. DK 67A1(31) = Gr Lcp47 (The Mss have τῆς).

  14. 14.

    Naddaf (2005, 72); cf. Conche (1991, 138).

  15. 15.

    Gregory (2007, 31) (our italics).

  16. 16.

    Kočandrle (2011a, 90) (our translation from the Czech and our italics).

  17. 17.

    Heidel (1912, 229, n. 2).

  18. 18.

    KRS (2007, 132, n. 1).

  19. 19.

    Wöhrle TP2, 85 n. 2. Wöhrle abusively connects this with Finkelberg’s translation (cf. Finkelberg 1993, 246).

  20. 20.

    KRS (2007, 132, n. 1).

  21. 21.

    As in Plotinus, Enn. 2.1.3 .

  22. 22.

    See LSJ s.v. ἐκ II.2.

  23. 23.

    Baldry (1932, 29).

  24. 24.

    Conche (1991, 142).

  25. 25.

    Simplicius, In Arist. Phys. 9.40.23  = TP1 Th411, not in DK and Gr.

  26. 26.

    Aristotle, Hist. animal. 523a25 ; De gener. animal. 730a6 .

  27. 27.

    Plato, Tht. 151e .

  28. 28.

    Euripides, Electra 1209 .

  29. 29.

    Aristophanes, Ranae 96 , 98 .

  30. 30.

    Theophrastus De igne 5.3 ; quoted from Van Raalte (2010, 60).

  31. 31.

    Cf. DK I, 83n.

  32. 32.

    Anaxagoras, DK 59B4 = Gr Axg13.

  33. 33.

    Cf. Conche (1991), Heidel (1913, 686), Kahn (1994, 57), KRS (2007, 131–132), Lebedev (1978, II, 46).

  34. 34.

    Empedocles, DK 31B6 = Gr Emp26.

  35. 35.

    Eisler (1910, 524, n).

  36. 36.

    Olympiodorus, De arte sacra 19 ; quoted from Berthelot (1887f, I.2, 81); the orthography is Berthelot’s, the translation ours.

  37. 37.

    See KRS (2007, 26–29).

  38. 38.

    Eisler (1910, 669): “Für den Ausdruck ‘τὸ γόνιμον’ der theophrastischen Doxographie ist hier mit grösster Wahrscheinlichkeit der (…) bei Pherecydes gesicherte Ausdruck γόνος (…) in der Urschrift vorauszusetzen.” Of course, this is not because of Eisler’s ‘isopsephism’ (symbolism of numbers).

  39. 39.

    Damascius, De princ. 124bis  = DK 7A8, translation KRS.

  40. 40.

    Hesiod, Theog. 190–191 ; translation is taken from Most 2006.

  41. 41.

    Irenaeus, Adv. haer. II.14.2  = Dox 171 = TP2 Ar52, not in Gr, our translation and italics.

  42. 42.

    Plato, Resp. 621a .

  43. 43.

    Pseudo-Galen (Porphyry), Ad Gaur. 34.26  = DK 7B7.

  44. 44.

    Achilles Tatius, Isagoge 3.28  = DK 7B1a.

  45. 45.

    Achilles Tatius, Isagoge 3.31 . Cf. KRS (2007, 60, n.1); see also Lebedev (1978, II, 49–50).

  46. 46.

    Aristotle, Met. 983b20  = DK 11A12 = Gr Ths15 = TP1 Th29.

  47. 47.

    Simplicius, In Arist. Phys. 9.23.21  = DK 11A13 = Gr Ths17 = TP1 Th409.

  48. 48.

    Aetius, Plac. I.3.1  = Dox. 1879, 276 = Gr Ths16 = TP1 Th147.

  49. 49.

    Homer, Il. XXI, 196 and XIV, 246 ; translation Murray.

  50. 50.

    Plato, Resp. 387c .

  51. 51.

    Homer, Od. XIII, 398 .

  52. 52.

    Aetius, Plac. III.16.1  = DK 12A27 = Gr Axr36 = TP2 Ar66; Alexander of Aphrodisias, In Arist. Meteor. 67.3–11  = DK 12A27; Aristotle, Meteor. II.1.353b6  = DK 12A27.

  53. 53.

    Aetius, Plac. V.19.4  = DK 12A30 = Gr Axr37 = TP2 Ar67; Censorinus, De die nat. 4,7 = DK 12A30 = Gr Axr38 = TP2 Ar90; Hippolytus, Ref. I.6.6  = DK 12A11 = Gr Axr20 = TP2 Ar75.

  54. 54.

    Pseudo-Plutarch, Strom. 2  = DK 12A10 = Gr Axr19 = TP2 Ar121.

  55. 55.

    Aristotle, Hist. animal. 558a28 .

  56. 56.

    Aetius, Plac. 5.19.4  = DK 12A30 = Gr Axr37 = TP2 Ar67.

  57. 57.

    Cf. Baldry (1932, 29–30), Kahn (1994, 86–87), Lloyd (1966, 309–312), Naddaf (2005, 72–73).

  58. 58.

    Usually this image is translated as “the nozzle of a bellows”. However, see Couprie (2001, 2011, Chap. 11).

  59. 59.

    Gregory (2007, 25 and 24).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic

    Radim Kočandrle

  2. Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy and Arts, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic

    Dirk L. Couprie

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  1. Radim Kočandrle
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  2. Dirk L. Couprie
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Correspondence to Radim Kočandrle .

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Kočandrle, R., Couprie, D.L. (2017). Gonimon . In: Apeiron . SpringerBriefs in Philosophy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49754-9_6

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