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Plant Aquaporins and Metalloids

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Plant Aquaporins

Part of the book series: Signaling and Communication in Plants ((SIGCOMM))

Abstract

The metalloids represent a group of physiologically important elements, some of which are essential or at least beneficial (boron and silicon) for plant growth and some of which are toxic (arsenic, antimony and germanium). Exposure to and availability of metalloids can have major effects on plant fitness and yield and can seriously downgrade the end-use quality of certain crop products. Plants have evolved various membrane transport systems to regulate metalloid transport both at the cellular and whole plant level. To date, the channel proteins referred to as aquaporins (AQPs) represent the most favored candidates ensuring metalloid homeostasis. AQPs are found in all living organisms. From bacteria to mammals and also in plants, several distinct AQP subfamilies facilitate the transmembrane diffusion of the set of physiologically and environmentally important metalloids. A subgroup of the Nodulin26-like intrinsic protein AQP subfamily (NIPs) has been designated as functional metalloidoporins. NIPs are the only known transport protein family in the plant kingdom which are essential for the uptake, translocation, or extrusion of various uncharged metalloid species. This chapter describes the various features, and particularly the metalloid transport properties of plant AQPs, and illustrates their physiologically important contributions to metalloid homeostasis. Their intimate involvement in metalloid transport underlines their relevance to plant nutrition, detoxification of toxic mineral elements phytoremediation, phytomining, and biofortification.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by an Emmy Noether grant 1668/1-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. We thank all scientists for uncovering the exciting roles of AQPs in metalloid transport homeostasis. We apologize to all authors whose contributions to these research areas could not have been mentioned.

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  1. Metalloid Transport Group, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany

    Manuela Désirée Bienert & Gerd Patrick Bienert

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  1. Manuela Désirée Bienert
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  2. Gerd Patrick Bienert
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Correspondence to Gerd Patrick Bienert .

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  1. Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

    François Chaumont

  2. School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

    Stephen D. Tyerman

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Bienert, M.D., Bienert, G.P. (2017). Plant Aquaporins and Metalloids. In: Chaumont, F., Tyerman, S. (eds) Plant Aquaporins. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49395-4_14

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