Summary
Climate change at global and regional scales as well as increased needs for crop production is predicted, emphasizing the urgent need for introduction of crops with enhanced productivity and tolerance to unfavorable abiotic conditions. Unlike to previous breeding strategies in main crops, the future gain in yield potential can be obtained probably only through an increase of photosynthetic productivity in optimum as well as in stress conditions. This fact emphasizes the importance of photosynthetic measurements, especially those based on non-invasive techniques, useful in real selection of crop genotypes. Photosynthetic responses at the leaf or canopy level can be well characterized by measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence which help to identify different sensitive components and important protective mechanisms within the photosynthetic apparatus. This chapter focuses on actual experiences with the photosynthetic measurements in strategic crops, applications and limits of ecophysiological methodology in detection of crop photosynthetic productivity as well as in the screening for improved drought and heat stress tolerance. The chapter also outlines the perspectives of photosynthesis research at the crop plant level, especially the application of photosynthetic methods for a high-throughput crop phenotyping.
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This work was supported by grants APVV-15-0721 and the research project of the Scientific Grant Agency of Slovak Republic VEGA-1-0923-16.
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Zivcak, M., Olsovska, K., Brestic, M. (2017). Photosynthetic Responses Under Harmful and Changing Environment: Practical Aspects in Crop Research. In: Hou, H., Najafpour, M., Moore, G., Allakhverdiev, S. (eds) Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48873-8_10
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