Abstract
Education is the cornerstone of development of all societies. Nowadays, with ever-growing competition in the educational sector worldwide and in the Middle East in particular, educational institutions are recognizing their role in shaping the society and the leaders of future generations. Thus, more emphasis is put on education and its development so that they can stay up to date with recent developments in the areas of technological advances, pedagogical tools, and research methods. Our chapter will mainly discuss the challenges and opportunities in the higher education industry in the Middle East and to a further extent how its development impacts societies in general. Therefore, we can assume that education and societies are two entities, interwoven where societal outcomes are closely affected by what educational institutions have to offer. The role of education is to help in building a better future for coming generations and to equip society with world-class leaders who have vision, values, and intellect. The ultimate result is to move humankind further and further towards evolution, advancement, and technology.
Bibliography
Al-Methun, A. E., & Wilkenson, W. J. (1988). In support of a sociological explanation of sex differences in science and mathematics achievement: Evidence from Kuwaiti study of secondary school certificate examinations. Research in Science and Technological Education, 6(1), 91–101.
Christina, R., Mehran, G., & Mir, S. (2007). Education in the Middle East: Opportunities and challenges. In R. F. Arnove & C. A. Torres (Eds.), Comparative education: The dialect of the global and local (pp. 311–332). Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
CIA/Central Intelligence Agency. (2009). The World Factbook. Lebanon. Retrieved September 8, 2013, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2226.html#le
Dervis, K. (1998). Education in the Middle East & North Africa: A strategy towards learning for development. Human Development Network.
Ellington, L. (2005). Japanese education. Japan Education. Retrieved January 22, 2006, from http://www.indiana.edu/~japan/digest5.html
Heyneman, S. (2002). Quality of Education. In W. A. Rugh (Ed.), Arab education: Tradition, growth and reform. Middle East Journal, 56(3), 410–411.
International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market Database. (2016). 9th ed. Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---stat/.../wcms_498929.pdf
Massialas, B. (1991). The Arab world. In P. G. Altbach (Ed.), International higher education. London: Garland.
Massialas, B., & Jarrar, S. A. (1991). Education in the Arab world. New York: Garland.
Sabbaghian, Z. (1992). Kindergarten and primary education in Iran. In G. Woodhill, P. B. Sakthivel, & R. Raju. (Eds.) (2006). An instrument for measuring engineering education quality from students’ perspective. The Quality Management Journal, 13(3), 23–34.
Schwartzman, S. (1992). Non-Western societies and education. In B. R. Clark & G. Neave (Eds.), Encyclopedia of higher education (pp. 969–975). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
UNESCO. Institute for Statistics, “Literacy Statistics” (Retrieved March 11, 2003, from www.uis.unesco.org); United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 2002; UN Statistics Division, The World’s Women 2000: Trends and Statistics.
UNESCO. (2003). EFA Monitoring Report. Published in 2003 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris. Retrieved from http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/efa_gmr_2003-4.pdf
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2016). Retrieved from http://uis.unesco.org/
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (1995). Early childhood education: Challenges and opportunities, 29. Directory of childhood care and education organizations in the Arab states 29, Paris, France: UNESCO.
World Bank. (1999). Education in the Middle East and North Africa: A strategy toward learning for development. Human Development Sector, MENA region.
World Bank. (2013). World Development Indicators. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, Washington DC. Retrieved from http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/WDI-2013-ebook.pdf
World Bank. (2014a). Education in the Middle East and North Africa: New challenges. The Syrian Crisis, MENA region.
World Bank. (2014b). Education plays key role in advancing women, girls, and communities, Report Says.
World Bank, World Development Indicators. (2016). International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, Washington DC. Retrieved from http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/site-content/wdi-2016-highlightsfeaturing-sdgs-booklet.pdf
Young, M. E., & Mundial, B. (1996). Early childhood development: Investing in the future. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jabbour, G.M., Livingstone, L.A., Daou, L. (2017). Development of Education and Its Impact on Middle Eastern Societies. In: Azoury, N. (eds) Business and Society in the Middle East. Palgrave Studies in Governance, Leadership and Responsibility. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48857-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48857-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-48856-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-48857-8
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)