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Neuronal Genome Plasticity: Retrotransposons, Environment and Disease

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Human Retrotransposons in Health and Disease

Abstract

The neuronal genome has long been considered as a stably persisting entity interpreted as the foundation of neurobiology. Over the past decade, it has become increasingly clear that mobile genetic elements, such as the retrotransposon LINE-1 (L1), are actively transcribed and transpose in the healthy brain. L1 activity therefore provides a route to somatic genome diversity and dynamism in neuronal populations. Here, we discuss the discovery of L1 retrotransposition during neurogenesis, and consider how neuronal cells regulate retrotransposition in response to endogenous and environmental stimuli. We also bring forward hypotheses relating to how L1 impacts normal brain development and function, as well as how abnormal L1 mobilisation could contribute to neurological disease susceptibility and pathophysiology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Marie-Jeanne H. C. Kempen & Gabriela O. Bodea

  2. Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Geoffrey J. Faulkner

Authors
  1. Marie-Jeanne H. C. Kempen
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  2. Gabriela O. Bodea
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  3. Geoffrey J. Faulkner
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Correspondence to Geoffrey J. Faulkner .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), Nice, France

    Gael Cristofari

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Kempen, MJ.H.C., Bodea, G.O., Faulkner, G.J. (2017). Neuronal Genome Plasticity: Retrotransposons, Environment and Disease. In: Cristofari, G. (eds) Human Retrotransposons in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48344-3_5

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