Skip to main content

Undercooling, Cooling Curves and Nodule Count for Hypo-, Hyper- and Eutectic Thin-Walled Ductile Iron Castings

  • Chapter

Abstract

Solidification model and numerical calculations are presented describing the solidification of a thin wall ductile iron with hypo-, hyper- and eutectic composition. The principal assumptions of the kinetic nature of growth, depending on undercooling in respect of the equilibrium lines, have been adopted, disregarding the diffusion processes, which was justified by the rapid course of the crystallization process in a thin-walled casting. This kinetic model was operating in a correct mode when it was completed with adjusted calculations of the carbon amount diffusing through the austenite film around the graphite nodules. The applied model of diffusion determined jointly with the kinetic model of the growth of graphite and austenite resulted in high-speed calculation program. Quite interesting are the results showing distinct differences in the kinetics of solidification and final structure of the cast iron with the same degree of eutectic saturation, but different content of C and Si.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. K. Su et al., “Computer Simulation of Solidification of Nodular Cast Iron,” Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. on Physical Metallurgy of Cast Iron, ed. H. Fredriksson, M. Hillert (Elsevier Sci. Publ. Co., North-Holland, 1985), 181–189.

    Google Scholar 

  2. H. Fredriksson, I. Svensson: “Computer Simulation of the Structure formed during Solidification of Cast Iron,” Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. on Physical Metallurgy of Cast Iron, ed. H. Fredriksson, M. Hillert (Elsevier Sci. Publ. Co., North-Holland, 1985), 273–284.

    Google Scholar 

  3. S.M. Yoo, A. Ludwig, and P.R. Sahm, “Numerical Simulation of Solidification of Nodular Cast Iron in Permanent Moulds,” Solidification Processing, ed. J. Beech and H. Jones (Ranmoor House, Univ. of Sheffield, 1997), 494–497.

    Google Scholar 

  4. S. Chang, D. Shangguan, and D.M. Stefanescu, “Modeling of the Liquid/solid and Eutectoid Phase Transformation in Spheroidal Cast Iron,” Metall. Trans. A, 23A (1992), 1333–1346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Skaland, O. Grong and T. Grong, “A Model for the Graphite Formation in Ductile Cast-Iron. Solid-State Transformation Reactions,” Metal. Trans. A, 24A (1993), 2347–2353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. G. Lesoult, M. Castro, and J. Lacaze, “Solidification of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons — I. Physical Modelling,” Acta Mater., 46 (3) (1998), 983–995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Lacaze, M. Castro and G. Lesoult, “Solidification of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons — II. Numerical Modeling,” Acta Mater., 46 (3) (1998), 997–1010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. M.I. Onsoien et al., “A process Model for the Microstructure Evolution in Ductile Cast Iron. Part I. The Model,” and “Part II: Application of the Model,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 30A (1999), 1053–1068, and 1069–1078.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. D.M. Stefanescu and D.K. Bandyopadhyay, “On the Solidification Kinetics of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron,” Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. on “Metallurgy of Cast Iron”, ed. G. Ohira, T. Kusakawa, and E. Niyama (MRS, Tokyo, Japan, 1990), 15–26.

    Google Scholar 

  10. D.K. Banerjee and D.M. Stefanescu, “Structural Transitions and Solidification Kinetics of SG Cast Iron During Directional Solidification Experiments,” AFS Trans., 99(1991), 747–759.

    Google Scholar 

  11. G.L. Rivera, R. Boeri and J. Sikora, “Revealing the Solidification Structure of Nodular Iron,” Int. J. Cast Metals Res., 8 (1995), 1–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. A. Burbelko et al., “Simulation of the Ductile Iron Solidification Using a Cellular Automaton,” Key Eng. Mat., 457 (2011), 330–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. K.M. Pedersen, J.H. Hattel, N. Tiedje, “Numerical Modelling of Thin-walled Hypereutectic Ductile Cast Iron Parts,” Acta Materialia, 54 (2006), 5103–5114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. E. Fraś et al, “Modeling of Graphitization Kinetics in Nodular Cast Iron Casting,” Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes — IX, ed. P.R. Sahm et al., (Aachen, Shaker, 2000), 885–892.

    Google Scholar 

  15. D.J. Celentano et al., “Computational Simulation of Microstructure Evolution During Solidification of Ductile Iron,” Int. J. Cast Met. Res. Vol. 21 (6) (2008), 416–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. P.M. Dardati et al. “Analysis of Ductile Cast Iron Solidification: Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation,” Int. J. Cast Met. Res., 22 (5) (2009), 390–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. W. Kapturkiewicz, A. Burbelko, M. Górny, “Undercooling, cooling curves and nodule count for near-eutectic thin-walled ductile iron castings,” ISIJ Int., 54 (2) (2014), 288–293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. E. Fras et al., “Eutectic cell and nodule count in cast irons,” Int. J. Cast Met. Res. Vol. 20, 2007, 233–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. K.M. Pedersen, N. Tiedje, “Undercooling and nodule count in thin walled ductile iron castings,” Int. J. Cast Met. Res., 20 (3) (2007), 145–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. D.M. Stefanescu, “Thermodynamic Properties of Iron-Base Alloys”, Metals Handbook, vol.15, Casting, D.M. Stefanescu et al. eds., (Metals Park, OH, 1998), 61–70.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kapturkiewicz, W., Burbelko, A. (2015). Undercooling, Cooling Curves and Nodule Count for Hypo-, Hyper- and Eutectic Thin-Walled Ductile Iron Castings. In: Nastac, L., et al. Advances in the Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48117-3_37

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics