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Nanotechnology for Transcorneal Drug Targeting in Glaucoma: Challenges and Progress

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Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications

Abstract

The eye is a highly protected organ, and designing ocular formulation for effective therapy, is challenging for drug delivery researcher. The anatomical and physiological barriers resulted in a low ocular bioavailability of administered drugs. Poor bioavailability of ocularly administered drugs is mainly due to factors responsible for precorneal loss (like tear dynamics, non-productive absorption, a transient residence time in the cul-de-sac, and relative impermeability of the corneal epithelial membrane). Due to these constraints, less than 5 % of the administered dose is absorbed from the conventional ophthalmic dosage forms. Vision-threatening diseases like glaucoma alter the physiology and molecular mechanism of vision. Ocular drug delivery in this dreadful condition is quite challenging. Though, the potential use of a nanoparticulate system as drug carriers has led to the development of many different colloidal delivery vehicles for targeted delivery in glaucoma. Drug loaded colloidal carriers associated with several favorable biological characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and mucoadhesiveness have been found to be effective in transcorneal drug targeting in glaucoma. These nanoparticulate systems exhibited better ocular drug efficacy by improving ocular bioavailability without blurring the vision in glaucoma. This chapter aims to briefly discuss the ocular barriers to glaucoma drug delivery along with nanotechnology mediated transcorneal drug targeting.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Ameeduzzafar Zafar

  2. Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, 229010, India

    Javed Ahmad

  3. LE STUDIUM® Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre-Val de Loire, France

    Sohail Akhter

  4. Nucleic Acids Transfer by Non-Viral Methods, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, UPR4301, Orléans, France

    Sohail Akhter

  5. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Union University, Jackson, TN, 38305, USA

    Richard T. Addo

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    Richard T. Addo

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Zafar, A., Ahmad, J., Akhter, S., Addo, R.T. (2016). Nanotechnology for Transcorneal Drug Targeting in Glaucoma: Challenges and Progress. In: Addo, R. (eds) Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47691-9_6

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