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Chronic Diseases and Lifestyle Biomarkers Identification by Metabolomics

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Book cover Metabolomics: From Fundamentals to Clinical Applications

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((PMISB,volume 965))

Abstract

Chronic diseases, also known as noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), are complex disorders that last for long periods of time and progress slowly. They currently account for the major cause of death worldwide with an alarming increase in rate both in developed and developing countries. In this chapter, the principal metabolomic-based investigations on chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and respiratory chronic diseases) and their major risk factors (particularly overweight/obesity) are described by focusing both on metabolites and metabolic pathways. Additional information on the contribution of metabolomics strategies in the ambit of the biomarker discovery for NCDs is also provided by exploring the major prospective studies of the last years (i.e., Framingham Heart Study, EPIC, MONICA, KORA, FINRIK, ECLIPSE). The metabolic signature of diseases, which arises from the metabolomic-based investigation, is therefore depicted in the chapter by pointing out the potential of metabolomics to explain the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying a disease, as well as to propose new therapeutic targets for alternative treatments.

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Abbreviations

2AA:

2-Aminoadipic acid

ArAA:

Aromatic amino acids

AUC:

Area under the curve

BA:

Bile acid

BAIBA:

Beta-aminoisobutyric

BCAA:

Branched-chain amino acids

BCKDH:

Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase

BMI:

Body mass index

BWHHS:

British Women’s Heart and Health Study cohort

CE:

Capillary electrophoresis

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

DM-AA:

Diabetes-predictive amino acid

ECLIPSE:

Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points

EPIC:

European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

FA:

Fatty acids

FAHFA:

Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acid

FAO:

Fatty acids oxidation

FIA:

Flow injection analysis

FINRISK:

National FINRISK study

FSH:

Framingham Heart Study

GC:

Gas chromatography

GD:

Gestational diabetes

HFA:

Hydroxy fatty acids

IFG:

Impaired fasting glycemia

IGT:

Impaired glucose tolerance

IR:

Insulin resistance

KORA:

Cooperative Health Research in the Region Augsburg

LC:

Liquid chromatography

LDLs:

Low-density lipoproteins

LysoPC:

Lysophosphocholine

LysoPEs:

Lysophosphoethanolamines

MDC-CC:

Malmö Diet and Cancer Study-Cardiovascular Cohort

MONICA:

Multinational monitoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

NCDs:

Noncommunicable diseases

NGT:

Normal glucose tolerance

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

PC:

Phosphocholine

PCa:

Alkyl-phosphatidylcholines

PL:

Phospholipids

ROC:

Receiver-operating characteristic

SABRE:

Southall And Brent REvisited cohort

S-AMP:

Adenylosuccinate

T1D:

Type 1 diabetes

T2D:

Type 2 diabetes

TMAO:

Trimethylamine N-oxide

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  1. Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain

    Annalaura Mastrangelo & Coral Barbas

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  1. Annalaura Mastrangelo
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  2. Coral Barbas
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  1. University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Institute of Chemistry Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Campinas, Brazil

    Alessandra Sussulini

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Mastrangelo, A., Barbas, C. (2017). Chronic Diseases and Lifestyle Biomarkers Identification by Metabolomics. In: Sussulini, A. (eds) Metabolomics: From Fundamentals to Clinical Applications. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 965. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47656-8_10

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