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Opioid Dependence Risk Factors and Risk Assessment

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Opioid Dependence

Abstract

Reduction of individual- and population-level opioid dependence will require adaptation of the host(s) if the opioid epidemic is to be contained and reversed. Attempts to alter abuse liability of opioids (agent virulence) and prescription patterns (vector transmission) are reasonable but ultimately insufficient interventions. Attenuation of both host vulnerability and exposure behavior must occur. This is a joint effort between patient and provider, and from the provider standpoint, it must begin with a thorough understanding of risk factors for opioid misuse and dependence. Most of the risk factors identified in the literature are psychosocial in nature and have been incorporated into various standardized screening instruments. The use of prescription drug monitoring programs and urine drug testing comprises other essential risk assessment and monitoring tools. Risk stratification—with ongoing assessment for both compliance and aberrancy—must become standard practice for every provider that prescribes opioids.

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  1. Northern Anesthesia & Pain Medicine, LLC, Eagle River, Alaska, USA

    Heath B. McAnally MD, MSPH (Medical Director, Clinical Instructor)

  2. WWAMI Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Anchorage, Alaska, USA

    Heath B. McAnally MD, MSPH (Medical Director, Clinical Instructor)

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McAnally, H.B. (2018). Opioid Dependence Risk Factors and Risk Assessment. In: Opioid Dependence . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47497-7_10

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