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Peste des Petits Ruminants

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Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases of Livestock

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Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious, World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE-WOAH) notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of domestic sheep and goats and wild small ruminants and is currently emerging to cause infections in camels. Due to high mortality and morbidity, PPR is considered as one of the main constraints in augmenting the productivity of small ruminants. The disease is clinically manifested by pyrexia, oculonasal discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea and bronchopneumonia. The causative agent, PPR virus (PPRV), belongs to the genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae and is a single genotype but genetically grouped into four lineages. Though natural transmission of the virus occurs in other species of animals, viz. cattle, buffaloes and camels, the clinical form of disease is generally not seen. PPRV causes retrogressive and necrotic changes in epithelial tissues resulting in oral, gastrointestinal and lung lesions besides lymphocytolysis in lymphoid tissues. The disease can be diagnosed from its clinical signs, pathological lesions and specific detection of virus antigen or antibodies or nucleic acid/genome in the clinical samples by various serological tests or assays and molecular assays. Availability of effective and safe live attenuated cell culture PPR vaccines in sheep and goats has boosted the control programme in some of the developing countries. With support from the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) and OIE international agencies, the high-level authorities from affected countries agreed on a global plan to control and eradicate PPR by 2030. It is hoped that PPR in the direction of rinderpest will be eradicated within a decade.

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  1. Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (ICAR-NIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India

    Balamurugan Vinayagamurthy

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    Jagadeesh Bayry

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Vinayagamurthy, B. (2017). Peste des Petits Ruminants. In: Bayry, J. (eds) Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases of Livestock. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47426-7_2

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