Abstract
A broad array of cells with immunological function are subcategorized as innate immune cells, adaptive immune cells, or cells of non-immune organs that have secondary immunological functions. These subcategories are convenient for purposes of discussion, but extensive observations indicate there are many overlaps between cells of the various subcategories. Macrophages, in particular, occupy a functional space that is shared between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and NK cells of the innate immune system are known to influence the immunological activities of the various lymphocyte populations of the adaptive immune system. Conversely, cells of the adaptive immune system commonly enhance, repress, guide or direct the activities of cells of the innate immune system. A general knowledge of the roles played by the various immune system cells is critical to understanding immunological responses, particularly those immunological responses that are commonly encountered in non-clinical toxicology studies. Histopathological evaluation of tissue specimens is a major component of the analysis of non-clinical toxicology studies, and relatively subtle shifts in cell populations in various tissues can have major implications with regard to xenobiotic-mediated effects. The aim of this chapter is to present an overview of immune system cells and their functions, with a focus on cells and actions that are commonly important in the analysis of non-clinical toxicology studies.
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Parker, G.A. (2017). Cells of the Immune System. In: Parker, G. (eds) Immunopathology in Toxicology and Drug Development. Molecular and Integrative Toxicology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47377-2_2
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