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Mechanisms of Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis

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Antimicrobial Drug Resistance

Abstract

Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis are found as both respiratory tract commensals and respiratory and invasive pathogens. While it is ideal to tailor chemotherapy to a known pathogen with a known drug susceptibility profile, it is often difficult or impractical to isolate the causative agent, and many infections are treated empirically. It is therefore important to know the activity of antimicrobial agents against the pathogens associated with diseases being treated empirically and the effect of resistance mechanisms on in vivo activity. Antimicrobial agents should be used rationally, avoiding overuse, tailoring treatment to identified pathogens as much as possible, and basing empiric treatment on the disease being treated and the susceptibility of the predominant pathogens at breakpoints based on pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters. The current status of resistance mechanisms found in Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis against the antimicrobial agents recommended for empiric and directed treatment of the diseases caused by these pathogens forms the basis of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Michael R. Jacobs M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Michael R. Jacobs M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Michael R. Jacobs M.D., Ph.D. .

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  1. Treiber Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

    Douglas L. Mayers

  2. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA

    Jack D. Sobel

  3. Canada Research Chair in Antimicrobial Resistance, Centre de recherche en Infectiologie, University of Laval, Quebec City, Canada

    Marc Ouellette

  4. Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Keith S. Kaye

  5. Infection Control and Prevention Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Dror Marchaim

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Jacobs, M.R. (2017). Mechanisms of Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis . In: Mayers, D., Sobel, J., Ouellette, M., Kaye, K., Marchaim, D. (eds) Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47266-9_7

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