Abstract
We live in an ever expanding information society, in an era where global computer networks , mobile telephony and digital audiovisual transmission are not only covering practically all kind of communication, but are more and more the fundamentals of the functioning of the society. It is therefore worth to consider what influence these technologies have on the law, whose basic task is to ensure the functioning of the state and the society and, above all, the safety of the individual. Leaving the ICT technologies without not only precise, but also adopted to the new communication environment, legislation, creates a danger of infringement of the interests of individuals, especially the right to privacy . It is essential to provide comprehensive—both technical and legal—protection of the ICT systems. Maintaining the balance between freedom and security of the individual is an old and still valid complex challenge in the new technological communication reality. Legal standards are and should continue to be inevitably aimed at preserving both these fundamental values.
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- 1.
In 1991, the Second Differential Machine was built in the Science Museum in London, proving the overall correctness of the structure proposed by Charles Babbage.
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This algorithm description is often acclaimed as the first computer programme in the history.
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And also close to 6000 commutators, 10000 condensers, 50000 resistors and 1500 transmitters.
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Europe and the Global Information Society. Bangemann report recommendations to the European Council, http://ec.europa.eu/archives/ISPO/infosoc/backg/bangeman.html, (15.04.2012).
- 5.
cf. Bangemann's Report http://ec.europa.eu/archives/ISPO/infosoc/backg/bangeman.html (15.04.2012);
Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 June 1998 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations, OJ L 204, 21/07/1998 s. 0037–0048; amended by Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations, OJ L 217, 05/08/1998 s. 0018–0026.
- 6.
ia: UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce (http://www.uncitral.org/uncitral/en/uncitral_texts/electronic_commerce/1996Model.html), UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures (http://www.uncitral.org/uncitral/en/uncitral_texts/electronic_commer-ce/2001Model_signatures.html).
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ia.: OECD Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce, 9.12.1999, (http://www.oecd.org/sti/consumerpoli-cy/34023811.pdf).
- 8.
ia.: Directive 98/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 1998 on the legal protection of services based on, or consisting of, conditional access (OJ L 320, 28/11/98, p.0054–0057), Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market (Directive on electronic commerce, OJ L 178, 17/07/2000 p. 0001–0016), Directive 1999/93/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 1999 on a Community framework for electronic signatures (OJ L 013, 19/01/2000 p. 0012–0020).
- 9.
Journal Officiel Numéro 162 du 13 Juillet 1991.
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Original title: Rozporządzenie Ministra Sprawiedliwości z dnia 24 czerwca 2003 roku w sprawie sposobu technicznego przygotowania sieci służących do przekazywania informacji (…) do kontroli przekazów informacji oraz sposobu dokonywania, rejestracji, przechowywania, odtwarzania i niszczenia zapisów z kontrolowanych przekazów (Dz.U. Nr 110, poz. 1052).
- 11.
Original title: Lag (2003:389) om elektronisk kommunikation.
- 12.
Original title: Telekommunikationsgesetz (TKG) vom 25.Juli 1996 (BGBl. I, S. 1120), zuletzt geändert durch das Gesetz zur Bekämpfung des Missbrauchs von 0190er-/0900er-Mehrwertdiensterufnummern vom 9. August 2003 BGBl. I S. 1590.
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Original title: Loi 91-646 du 10 Juillet 1991 relative au secret des correspondances émises par la voie des telecommunications, Journal Officiel Numéro 162 du 13 Juillet 1991.
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Original title: Ustawa z dnia 16 lipca 2004 roku – Prawo telekomunikacyjne (Dz. U. Nr 171, poz. 1800 z późn. zm).
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Outside Europe regulations obliging to register pre-paid phone users are in the force in i.a. Mexico, Japan, Australia, Thailand, South Africa.
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The changes were introduced by the Penal Code Amnebdment Act, original title: ustawa z dnia 24 października 2008 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks karny oraz niektórych innych ustaw (Dz.U. Nr 214 poz. 1344).
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Skórzewska-Amberg, M. (2017). Impact of ICT on the Law. In: Zacher, L. (eds) Technology, Society and Sustainability. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47164-8_11
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