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Potentiality of Urinary L-FABP Tests to Kala-Azar Disease Management

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Kala Azar in South Asia

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Abstract

The diagnostic process of disease detection and disease management is different in every disease. Recently, the diagnostic procedure for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, was simplified from a time-consuming pathological examination into a simple blood test. But the monitoring of disease activity during therapy still relies on clinical findings and classical laboratory data in endemic areas. In this chapter, we introduce and examine the utility of a urinary biomarker, fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) or alternatively L-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), for monitoring VL disease activities and drug-induced side effects. A FABP1 analysis developed as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was transformed into a urinary immuno-chromatography dipstick test for point of care use in endemic areas. We expect that a FABP1 dipstick test will serve as a triage marker in disease monitoring of VL. In addition, this chapter introduces the impact of FABP1 on predicting survival in septic acute kidney injury and the clinical interpretation of FABP1 measurements in VL.

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Acknowledgments

Part of this study was supported by Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (SATREPS, JST/JICA) (EN).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hemodialysis and Apheresis, Nephrology 107 Lab, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Eisei Noiri & Bumpei Tojo

  2. Total Renal Care Medicine, Nephrology 107 Lab, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoshifumi Hamasaki

  3. International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Kazi M. Jamil

  4. Nephrology 107 Lab, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Kent Doi

  5. CMIC Holdings Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan

    Takeshi Sugaya

Authors
  1. Eisei Noiri
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  2. Yoshifumi Hamasaki
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  3. Bumpei Tojo
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  4. Kazi M. Jamil
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  5. Kent Doi
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  6. Takeshi Sugaya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eisei Noiri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan

    E. Noiri

  2. Kalazar Research Center, Muzaffarpur, India

    T.K. Jha

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Noiri, E., Hamasaki, Y., Tojo, B., Jamil, K.M., Doi, K., Sugaya, T. (2016). Potentiality of Urinary L-FABP Tests to Kala-Azar Disease Management. In: Noiri, E., Jha, T. (eds) Kala Azar in South Asia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47101-3_12

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