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Changes of Leishmania Antigens in Kala-Azar Patients’ Urine After Treatment

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Kala Azar in South Asia

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Abstract

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect Leishmania circulating antigens (CA) in urine samples was applied to monitor the antigen levels after treatment of visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar. Fifty VL cases were followed up for 2 months after treatment with sodium stibogluconate . The CA levels decreased rapidly after the treatment, demonstrating a 76, 92, and 97 % reduction after 1, 2, and 3 weeks, respectively, and became negative after 8 weeks. The CA was detected in 40 of 50 urine samples (80 %). The positive rate of CA with sodium stibogluconate was slightly lower than that with nested PCR (88 %), but higher than that with KAtex (48 %) before the treatment, and it reduced more slowly than that with the others after the treatment. As the urine ELISA gives CA levels quantitatively, it will be useful to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments used and for surveillance of drug resistance .

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Acknowledgments

The research underlying this chapter was conducted by the authors, and was partially supported by JST/JICA, SATREPS, and also by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. 18406013 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan

    Sharmina Deloer, Sohel Mohammad Samad, Hidekazu Takagi, Chatanun Eamudomkarn & Makoto Itoh

  2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand

    Chatanun Eamudomkarn

  3. Clinical Science Division, International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh

    Kazi M. Jamil

  4. Department of Hemodialysis and Apheresis, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Eisei Noiri

  5. Department of Infection and Immunology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Nagakute, Japan

    Sharmina Deloer, Sohel Mohammad Samad, Hidekazu Takagi, Chatanun Eamudomkarn & Makoto Itoh

Authors
  1. Sharmina Deloer
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  2. Sohel Mohammad Samad
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  3. Hidekazu Takagi
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  4. Chatanun Eamudomkarn
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  5. Kazi M. Jamil
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  6. Eisei Noiri
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  7. Makoto Itoh
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sharmina Deloer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan

    E. Noiri

  2. Kalazar Research Center, Muzaffarpur, India

    T.K. Jha

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Deloer, S. et al. (2016). Changes of Leishmania Antigens in Kala-Azar Patients’ Urine After Treatment. In: Noiri, E., Jha, T. (eds) Kala Azar in South Asia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47101-3_11

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