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Hydrangea: Simulating a Representative Population of Massive Galaxy Clusters

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High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ´16

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Abstract

Galaxy clusters are the most massive bound structures in the Universe, and contain not only up to several thousand galaxies, but also extended haloes of dark matter and hot gas. Observations show that galaxies in clusters differ from those living in more isolated parts of the Universe, but the physics of how clusters shape their galaxies is at present not well understood. Not only does this constitute a major gap in our understanding of galaxy formation, but it also limits the use of galaxy clusters as cosmological probes. In the Hydrangea project, we have created a suite of 24 simulated galaxy clusters at unprecedented resolution, using a state of the art galaxy formation model developed for the EAGLE project. Detailed scientific analysis of the simulation outputs, which has only just begun, is expected to lead to major new insight into the physics of both galaxy formation in an extreme environment and the growth of the massive haloes in which cluster galaxies are embedded.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The parsec (pc) is the standard unit of length in astronomy, with 1 pc = 3. 08 × 1016 m.

  2. 2.

    M 200 is defined as the mass within r 200, the radius inside which the mean density equals 200 times the critical density of the Universe (ρ crit).

  3. 3.

    Abbreviation for “Cluster-EAGLE”, which also refers to the sea eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus) as the most massive member of the eagle family.

  4. 4.

    During the course of a simulation, some baryon particles are ‘swallowed’ by black holes, so that the final number of baryon particles is typically slightly lower.

  5. 5.

    Given that the age of the Universe is approximately 1010 yr, such galaxies must have formed stars at a much higher rate in the past in order to build up their current stellar mass.

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Authors and Affiliations

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    Yannick M. Bahé, for the C-EAGLE collaboration

    Editor information

    Editors and Affiliations

    1. Zentrum für Informationsdienste und Hochleistungsrechnen (ZIH), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

      Wolfgang E. Nagel

    2. Abteilung für Angewandte Mathematik, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

      Dietmar H. Kröner

    3. Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Stuttgart (HLRS), Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

      Michael M. Resch

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    © 2016 Springer International Publishing AG

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    Yannick M. Bahé, for the C-EAGLE collaboration. (2016). Hydrangea: Simulating a Representative Population of Massive Galaxy Clusters. In: Nagel, W.E., Kröner, D.H., Resch, M.M. (eds) High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ´16. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47066-5_2

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