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The Right to Demand Love in Criminal Justice

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Judgments of Love in Criminal Justice

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Abstract

The legend of the mill of Sanssouci, the palace of Fredrick the Great and the miller threat of the king with the judgment of the Supreme Court of Berlin is a narrative example of the right to demand fairness, respect of privacy and love for justice. The concept of human rights may sound differently. Many books and articles decorate themselves with the concept. Many philosophers and theologies quiz its nature. However, in law the concept has been given more consideration when there has been a violation of rights. It is upon this theory that the term or the word ‘humanity’ has taken shape in the body of law. Thus, from the commencement of civilisation where the law began its role human nature has been in focus, but with different degrees. Therefore, what was considered to be the concept of humanity in the Babylonian and Hammurabi Codes has enlarged into a different feature in the present structure of law and particularly in international human rights law. All these evaluations of the term humanity have helped to protect its nature than to destroy it. This protection can be seen today within the provisions of most international conventions. Thus, the character or the personality of human beings has come into law, not as a subject of obliteration, annihilation, or humiliation, but as a secure subject of law based on high value of its integrity. Kant described Humanity as:

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Kant (2014), p. 333. Available at http://www2.hn.psu.edu/faculty/jmanis/kant/critique-pure-reason6x9.pdf (Accessed December 27, 2014).

  2. 2.

    Grotius (eBook, 1603, http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1718) (Accessed March 28, 2015).

  3. 3.

    von Lockey (2006), p. 198. See also p. 201.

  4. 4.

    von Rovira, p. 61.

  5. 5.

    Hannikainen (1988), p. 30.

  6. 6.

    Grotius (eBook, 1603, http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1718) (Accessed 28 March 2015).

  7. 7.

    Grotius (eBook, 1603, http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1718) (Accessed March 28, 2015).

  8. 8.

    Marcin (1984), pp. 363–391. See also http://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2126&context=lawreview (Accessed June 12, 2016).

  9. 9.

    Spooner (1882), available at http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/spooner-natural-law-or-the-science-of-justice-1882 (Accessed on May 17, 2015).

  10. 10.

    Gross (2012), p. 7.

  11. 11.

    The Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany.

  12. 12.

    Malekian (2015).

  13. 13.

    Concurring Opinion of Judge Power-Forde, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights (9 July 2013) (Applications nos. 66069/09, 130/10 and 3896/10) http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/fre?i=001-122664#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-122664%22]} (Accessed October, 2015).

  14. 14.

    Concurring Opinion of Judge Yudkivska, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights (9 July 2013), Application no (140/10), JUDGMENT. This version was rectified on 7 October 2014 under Rule 81 of the Rules of Court (Strasbourg, 4 September 2014) Final (16/02/2015). This judgment has become final under Article 44 § 2 of the Convention. http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-146372#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-146372%22]} (accessed October 2, 2015).

  15. 15.

    Italics added.

  16. 16.

    Bushell’s Case, 124 Eng. Rep. 1006, 1013 (C.P. 1670). See also A complete collection of state-trials, and proceedings for high-treason, and other crimes and misdemeanours: from the reign of collection King Richard II. to the end of the reign of King George I. With two alphabetical tables to the whole (20 Volumes, Vol. xvii, London, 1816), p. 716.

  17. 17.

    See articles by Professor Michel Chossudovsky, available at http://www.globalresearch.ca/when-terrorism-becomes-counter-terrorism-the-state-sponsors-of-terrorism-are-going-after-the-terrorists/5496051. See also article by Dr. Paul Craig Roberts, ‘Washington’s Secret Agendas - Truth is Being Disguised to Suit’. Roberts puts clearly that “The public fell for the lie that the Taliban in Afghanistan are terrorists allied with al Qaeda. Americans fought a war for 13 years that enriched Dick Cheney’s firm, Halliburton, and other private interests only to end in another Washington failure. The public fell for the lie that Saddam Hussein in Iraq had “weapons of mass destruction” that were a threat to America and that if the US did not invade Iraq Americans risked a ‘mushroom cloud going up over an American city.’ With the rise of ISIS, this long war apparently is far from over. Billions of dollars more in profits will pour into the coffers of the US military security complex as Washington fights those who are redrawing the false Middle East boundaries created by the British and French after WW I when the British and French seized territories of the former Ottoman Empire. The American public fell for the lies told about Gaddafi in Libya. The formerly stable and prosperous country is now in chaos. The American public fell for the lie that Iran has, or is building, nuclear weapons. Sanctioned and reviled by the West, Iran has shifted toward an Eastern orientation, thereby removing a principal oil producer from Western influence. The public fell for the lie that Assad of Syria used “chemical weapons against his own people.” The jihadists that Washington sent to overthrow Assad have turned out to be, according to Washington’s propaganda, a threat to America. The greatest threat to the world is Washington’s insistence on its hegemony. The ideology of a handful of neoconservatives is the basis for this insistence.” Available at http://www.oneworldofnations.com/2014/09/washingtons-secret-agendas-truth-is.html. See as well https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxoYWlkZXJub3Rlc3xneDo3NDEwMDI3NjViZTNjODZm (Accessed December 25, 2015). For a useful analysis see http://www.politico.eu/article/why-the-arabs-dont-want-us-in-syria-mideast-conflict-oil-intervention/ (Accessed March 4, 2016).

  18. 18.

    Goodrich (2006), p. 1.

  19. 19.

    Id.

  20. 20.

    http://www.globalresearch.ca/when-terrorism-becomes-counter-terrorism-the-state-sponsors-of-terrorism-are-going-after-the-terrorists/5496051 and https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxoYWlkZXJub3Rlc3xneDo3NDEwMDI3NjViZTNjODZm (Accessed February 14, 2015).

  21. 21.

    Id.

  22. 22.

    Goodrich (2006), p. 2.

  23. 23.

    Id., p. 1.

  24. 24.

    Id., p. 25.

  25. 25.

    Goodrich (2006), p. 52.

  26. 26.

    Graybill, available at http://www.illinoismedieval.org/ems/VOL5/graybill.html (Accessed March 29, 2015), p. 95.

  27. 27.

    von Lockey (2006), p. 198.

  28. 28.

    von Lockey (2006), p. 198. See also p. 201.

  29. 29.

    Grotius, p. 434. Available at http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1718 (Accessed May 3, 2015).

  30. 30.

    See generally Roback (2001).

  31. 31.

    Rinpoche (2002).

  32. 32.

    Hora (1986), p. 19.

  33. 33.

    Trechsel (1997), pp. 94–119.

  34. 34.

    See Atwell (2008), pp. 501 and 505.

  35. 35.

    Id.

  36. 36.

    Mahatma Gandhi.

  37. 37.

    Andersen (2011), pp. 76–78.

  38. 38.

    Ward (2001), p. 946.

  39. 39.

    Consult chapters ten and eleven.

  40. 40.

    See Malekian (2014a).

  41. 41.

    Letter from John Keats to Benjamin Bailey (Nov. 22, 1817), in Rollins (Ed.) (1985), p. 185. See also http://www.john-keats.com/briefe/221117.htm (Accessed June 4, 2015).

  42. 42.

    Consult Bozbayindir (2013), pp. 20–21.

  43. 43.

    Mahatma Gandhi.

  44. 44.

    Klaus Stern, ‘From the European Convention on Human Rights to the European Charter of Fundamental Rights: The Prospects for the Protection of human Rights in Europe’ in Blanke and Mangiameli (2006), pp. 169–184.

  45. 45.

    Id. pp. 169–171.

  46. 46.

    Malekian (2005), p. 721.

  47. 47.

    Paracelsus (1493–1541).

  48. 48.

    Carty (1986), p. 21. See also Charlesworth and Chinkin (2000); Bederman (2002); Koskenniemi (2005); Marks (2000); Meron (2006). Goldsmith and Posner (2007); Chayes and Chayes (1995).

  49. 49.

    Mission for Establishment of Human Rights in Iran, available at http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCIQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmehr.org%2FIslamic_Penal_Code_of_Iran.pdf&ei=uSpvVYbDA4bfUayBgdgN&usg=AFQjCNHhVkRBVR1-Gx-4IMUToSeIhg_uTA&bvm=bv.94911696,d.d24 (Accessed June 3, 2015); Malekian (2014b), pp. 31–69; Malekian and Nordlöf (2012a), pp. 1–3; Malekian and Nordlöf (2012b), pp. 1–5.

  50. 50.

    For instance, see Fedorova (2012), p. 11.

  51. 51.

    Vattel (1844), para. 231, p. 108. Available at http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Lieber_Collection/pdf/DeVattel_LawOfNations.pdf (Accessed December 16, 2016).

  52. 52.

    R.v. Sussex Justices, ex parte McCarthy (1924) I.K.B.256, p. 259.

  53. 53.

    Fichtelberg (2015).

  54. 54.

    Fichtelberg (2015), pp. 182–185.

  55. 55.

    Id., pp. 177-8 & 179, 185.

  56. 56.

    von Pufendorf (1931), p. 315.

  57. 57.

    Id.

  58. 58.

    Martin Luther King. See also Vischer (2014), pp. 39–41.

  59. 59.

    Id.

  60. 60.

    Some psychologists may also have a similar policy without measuring and solving the internal position with love.

  61. 61.

    Malekian (2005), p. 691.

  62. 62.

    Id., p. 690.

  63. 63.

    For the morality of lawyer, consult Pepper (1986), p. 613.

  64. 64.

    Wendel (2012), p. 1.

  65. 65.

    Luther King (1963), p. 6.

  66. 66.

    Simon (1998), p. 138.

  67. 67.

    Kruse (2010), p. 393.

  68. 68.

    Pearce (2002), p. 1807.

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  1. Institute of International Criminal Law, Uppsala, Sweden

    Farhad Malekian

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Malekian, F. (2017). The Right to Demand Love in Criminal Justice. In: Judgments of Love in Criminal Justice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46900-3_5

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