Active System Control and Safety Approach, and Regulation in Other Application Domains

Abstract

There is no doubt that development of any complex concept such as active system control (ASC) accompanied by method and analysis of possible implementation is a challenging business. This is especially true for complex systems with various, sometimes almost mutually exclusive, requirements. Transport as a whole is an example of such systems, as well as ground vehicles, aircraft, health-monitoring systems and safety-critical systems. The main concern is how best to modify, redesign, rearrange or adjust existing systems for an active system. That is why in the first chapter we addressed questions such as, “What is the object (aviation, aircraft)?” “What is active system control?” and how—at least initially—to implement the proposed active system control approach for a specific purpose, for example, safety.

Any good idea has its limits. Sometimes limits of implementation are technological, driven by market domination, feasibility, politics or existing regulations. Thus, even if we reduce our ambitions for active system control from a full-size implementation down to just an application of ASC for safety, active system safety to be exact, we need be aware of existing systems and regulations related to transport domain. The focus of this chapter is to address what the next steps might be to implement active system control effectively and efficiently.

Functional Safety Standards Based Upon IEC 61508

Functional Safety
IEC 61508	Standard on functional safety, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61508
IEC 61508	Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related system
Machinery
IEC 61511	Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector (in USA: ANSI/ISA S84)
IEC 62061	Safety of machinery
Railways
IEC 62278 / EN 50126	Railways—Specification and demonstration of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS)
IEC/EN 50128	Software, railway control and protection
IEC/EN 50129	Railway signalling
Nuclear
IEC 61513	Nuclear power plant control systems
Avionics
RTCA DO-178C	North American avionics software “Software considerations in airborne systems and equipment certification”
RTCA DO-254	North American avionics hardware
EUROCAE ED-12B	European flight safety systems
Automotive
ISO 26262	Automobile functional safety
ISO26262-1	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 1: Vocabulary
ISO26262-2	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 2: Management of functional safety
ISO26262-3	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 3: Concept phase
ISO26262-4	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 4: Product development at the system level
ISO26262-5	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 5: Product development at the hardware level
ISO26262-6	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 6: Product development at the software level
ISO26262-7	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 7: Production and operation
ISO26262-8	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 8: Supporting processes
ISO26262-9	Road vehicles—Functional safety—Part 9: Automotive safety integrity level (ASI) oriented and safety-oriented analyses
Medical
IEC 62304	Medical device software
ISO14971	Medical devices—Application of risk management to medical devices
EC/EN 50402	Fixed gas detection systems
DEF STAN 00-56	Accident consequence (UK military)