Abstract
Numerous research efforts have been undertaken regarding the mechanical and electrical behavior of epoxy matrix by the introduction of carbon nanofillers like multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) and carbon nanofiber (CNF). In the present work, a simple but novel route regarding preparation of nanocomposites has been reported in terms of curing them at low temperature. The purpose is to investigate the effect of reinforcing strategies on properties of prepared composites using different nanomaterials that are again supplemented by microscopic investigations. Flexural properties, hardness and electrical conductivity of nanocomposites improved significantly than epoxy. Among the two nanocomposites, MWNT composite demonstrated enhanced results that were again confirmed from micro graphical analysis. CNF composite exhibited comparatively lower mechanical result but almost equivalent electrical result with CNT composite.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Wagner, H.D., Lourie, O., Feldman, Y., Tenne, R.: Stress-induced fragmentation of multiwall carbon nanotubes in polymer matrix. Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 188–190 (1998). doi:10.1063/1.120680
Dagani, R.: Nanocomposites. Chem. Eng. News 77(23), 25–37 (1999)
Maruyama, B., Alam, K.: Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers in composite materials, Sampe J, 38(3), 59–70 (2002) (ISSN 0091-1062)
Peyser, P., Bascom, W.D.: Effect of filler and cooling rate on the glass transition of polymers. J. Macromol. Sci. Phys. B 13, 597–610 (1977). doi:10.1080/00222347708212211
Schadler, L.S., Giannaris, S.C., Ajayan, P.M.: Load transfer in carbon nanotube 0060 composite. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3842–3844 (1998). doi:10.1063/1.122911
Sandler, J., Shaffer, M.S.P., Prasse, T., Bauhofer, W., Schutle, K., Windle, A.H.: Development of a dispersion process for carbon nanotubes in an epoxy matrix and the resulting electrical properties. Polymer 40, 5967–5971 (1999). doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00166-4
Cooper, C.A., Young, R.J., Halsall, M.: Investigation into the deformation of carbon nanotubes and their composites through the use of Raman spectroscopy. Compos. A 32, 401–411 (2001). doi:10.1016/S1359-835X(00)00107-X
Lau, K.T., Hui, D.: Effectiveness of using carbon nanotubes as nano-reinforcements for advanced composite structures. Carbon 40, 1605–1606 (2002)
Penumadu, D., Dutta, A., Pharr, G.M., Files, B.: Mechanical properties of blended singlewall carbon nanotube composites. J Mater Res 18, 1849–1853 (2003). doi:10.1557/JMR.2003.0258
Gojny, F.H., Wichmann, M.H.G., Köpke, U., Fiedler, B., Schulte, K.: Functionalisation effect on thermo-mechanical behavior of multi-wall carbon nanotube/epoxy-composite. Compos. Sci. Technol. 64, 2303–2308 (2004). doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.01.024
Kotaki, M., Wang, K., Toh, M.L., Chen, L., Wong, S.Y., He, C.: Electrically conductive epoxy/clay/vapor grown carbon fiber hybrids. Macromolecules 39(3), 908–911 (2006). doi:10.1021/ma0522561
Lee, H., Mall, S., He, P., Shi, D.L., Narasimhadevara, S., Yeo-Heung Y.: Shanov V., Schulz, M.J.: Characterization of carbon nanotube/nanofiber-reinforced polymer composites using an instrumented indentation technique. Compos. Part B. 38(1), 58–65 (2007). doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.04.002
Xu, L.R., Bhamidipati, V., Zhong, W.H., Li, J., Lukehart, C.M., Lara-Curzio, E., Liu, K.C., Lance, M.J.: Mechanical property characterization of a polymeric nanocomposite reinforced by graphitic nanofibers with reactive linkers. J. Compos. Mater. 38(18), 1563–1582 (2004). doi:10.1177/0021998304043758
Choi, Y.K., Sugimoto, K., Song, S., Gotoh, Y., Ohkoshi, Y., Endo, M.: Mechanical and physical properties of epoxy composites reinforced by vapor grown carbon nanofibers. Carbon 43, 2199–2208 (2005). doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2005.03.036
Ayatollahi, M.R., Shadlou, S., Shokrieh, M.M.: Mixed mode brittle fracture in epoxy/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Eng. Fract. Mech. 78, 2620–2632 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2011.06.021
Xu, L.R., Rosakis, A.J.: Impact failure characteristics of sandwich structures; part II: effects of impact speeds and interfacial bonding strengths. Int. J. Solids Struct. 39(16), 4237–4248 (2002). doi:10.1016/S0020-7683(02)00245-7
Bal, S.: Experimental study of mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanofiber/epoxy composites. Mater. Des. 31, 2406–2413 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.058
Bal, S., Saha, S.: Comparison and analysis of physical properties of carbon nanomaterial doped polymer composites. High Perform. Polym. 26, 953–960 (2014). doi:10.1177/0954008314535823
Ma, P.C., Kim, J.K., Tang, B.Z.: Effects of silane functionalization on the properties of carbon nanotube/epoxy nanocomposites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 67, 2965–2972 (2007). doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.05.006
Xiao, G., Tao, Y., Lu, J., Zhang, Z.: Highly conductive and transparent carbon nanotube composite thin films deposited on polyethylene terephthalate solution dipping. Thin Solid Films 518, 2822–2824 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2009.11.021
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Naval Research Board (DRDO), Govt. of India for the financial support to carry the research work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bal, S. (2017). Micro Graphical Analysis and Comparison of MWNT and CNF Reinforced Polymer Composite. In: Oral, A., Bahsi Oral, Z. (eds) 3rd International Multidisciplinary Microscopy and Microanalysis Congress (InterM). Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 186. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46601-9_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46601-9_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46600-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46601-9
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)