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Recurrence of Low-Grade Glioma: Have the Targeted Therapies Improved for Better Outcomes?

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Resistance to Targeted Therapies Against Adult Brain Cancers

Part of the book series: Resistance to Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapeutics ((RTACT))

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Abstract

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) in adult, despite being less aggressive than high-grade gliomas, eventually will recur. For many decades, the standard radiological imaging to treatment planning has evolved. Nowadays, clinicians are leaning toward early surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemo- and/or radiotherapy rather than waiting for the tumor to recur before the treatment commences. This will put patients at risk of unavoidable treatment-related side effects and increase of resistance to further treatment following tumor recurrence. The current chapter gives an overview of changes that have been made, together with limitations that we still encounter in managing patients with LGG in order to improve progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

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Abbreviations

ADC:

Apparent diffusion coefficient

DWI:

Diffusion-weighted MRI

EORTC:

The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer

FET:

O-(2-[18F]Fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine

FDG:

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose

FLAIR:

Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery

FMT:

L-3-[18F]Fluoro-α-methyltyrosine

Gy:

Gray

GTR:

Gross total resection

LGG:

Low-grade glioma

MET:

[11C]Methyl-L-methionine

MMSE:

Mini-Mental State Examination

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MRS:

MR spectroscopy

OS:

Overall survival

PCV:

Procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), and vincristine

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PFS:

Progression-free survival

RTOG:

The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group

STR:

Subtotal resection

TMZ:

Temozolomide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland

    Zaitun Zakaria

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  1. Zaitun Zakaria
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Correspondence to Zaitun Zakaria .

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  1. Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

    Amanda Tivnan

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Zakaria, Z. (2016). Recurrence of Low-Grade Glioma: Have the Targeted Therapies Improved for Better Outcomes?. In: Tivnan, A. (eds) Resistance to Targeted Therapies Against Adult Brain Cancers. Resistance to Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapeutics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46505-0_10

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