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Parkinson’s Disease and Sleep/Wake Disturbances

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Dopamine and Sleep

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) has traditionally been characterized by its cardinal motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability. However, PD is increasingly recognized as a multidimensional disease associated with myriad non-motor symptoms including autonomic dysfunction, mood disorders, cognitive impairment, pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, impaired olfaction, psychosis, and sleep disorders. Sleep disturbances, which include sleep fragmentation, daytime somnolence, sleep-disordered breathing, restless legs syndrome (RLS), nightmares, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), are estimated to occur in 60–98 % of patients with PD. For years, non-motor symptoms received little attention from clinicians and researchers but now these symptoms are known to be significant predictors of morbidity, quality of life, costs of disease, and rates of institutionalization. A discussion of the clinical aspects, pathophysiology, evaluation techniques and treatment options for sleep disorders encountered with PD are presented.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Texas School of Medicine-Houston, 7500 San Felipe, Suite 525, Houston, Texas, 77063, USA

    Todd J. Swick

  2. Apnix Sleep Disorders Centers, Houston, Texas, USA

    Todd J. Swick

  3. The Sleep Center at North Cypress Medical Center, Cypress, Texas, USA

    Todd J. Swick

  4. Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, USA

    William G. Ondo

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Correspondence to Todd J. Swick .

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Jaime M. Monti

  2. Somnogen Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    S. R. Pandi-Perumal

  3. Department of Neurology, New Jersey Neuroscience Institute, Edison, New Jersey, USA

    S. Chokroverty

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Swick, T.J., Ondo, W.G. (2016). Parkinson’s Disease and Sleep/Wake Disturbances. In: Monti, J., Pandi-Perumal, S., Chokroverty, S. (eds) Dopamine and Sleep. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46437-4_7

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