Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard pp 515–533Cite as

Autonomous Marine Observatories in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Polar Ecology ((AVPE,volume 2))

Abstract

Several moored autonomous marine observatories, with a variety of sensors and scientific instruments have been installed in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, since 2002. These provide seasonal and inter-annual data on a number of physical, chemical and biological variables, as well as biological variables that serve as important baselines for the measurement of seasonal variability and the interpretation of climate-induced changes in this fjord system. Oceanographic and ecological changes observed in Kongsfjorden are, to some extent, related to larger-scale changes in Fram Strait because of the advection of Atlantic Water into the open fjord. We here provide an account of the location of moored observatories in Kongsfjorden, with a list of parameters measured at the different moorings, and review the scientific advances that have been made through data collection from these marine observatories. Several nations collaborate on moorings in Kongsfjorden (Norway, Sweden, UK, Germany, and France), whereas others have separate moorings in the fjord (India and Italy). Some of the moorings in Kongsfjorden have become part of The Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS). To maximise the scientific benefits of moorings, two priorities need to involve: (i) coordination of the infrastructure and (ii) securing their long-term viability in support of Arctic marine science.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aliani S, Sciascia R, Conese I, D’Angelo A, Del Bianco F, Giglio F, Langone L, Miserocchi S (2016) Characterization of seawater properties and ocean heat content in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Archipelago. Rend Fis Acc Lincei 27(Suppl 1):S155–S162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ambrose WG Jr, Carrol ML, Greenacre M, Thorrold SR, McMahon KW (2006) Variation in Serripes groenlandicus (Bivalvia) growth in a Norwegian high-Arctic fjord: evidence for local- and large-scale climatic forcing. Glob Change Biol 12:1595–1607

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ambrose WG Jr, Renaud PE, Locke WL, Cottier FR, Berge J, Carroll ML, Levin B, Ryan S (2012) Growth line deposition and variability in growth of two circumpolar bivalves (Serripes groenlandicus, and Clinocardium ciliatum). Polar Biol 35:345–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bauerfeind E, Nöthig E-M, Pauls B, Kraft A, Beszczyńska-Möller A (2014) Variability in pteropod sedimentation and corresponding aragonite flux at the Arctic deep-sea long-term observatory HAUSGARTEN in the eastern Fram Strait from 2000 to 2009. J Mar Syst 132:95–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berge J, Cottier F, Last KS, Varpe Ø, Leu E, Søreide J, Eiane K, Falk-Petersen S, Willis K, Nygård H, Vogedes D, Griffiths C, Johnsen G, Lorenzen D, Brierley AS (2009) Diel vertical migration of Arctic zooplankton during the polar night. Biol Lett 5:69–72

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berge J, Cottier F, Varpe Ø, Renaud PE, Falk-Petersen S, Kwasniewski S, Griffiths C, Søreide JE, Aubert A, Bjærke O, Hovinen J, Jung-Madsen S, Tveit M, Majaneva S (2014) Arctic complexity: a case study on diel vertical migration of zooplankton. J Plankton Res 36:1279–1297

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Berge J, Daase M, Renaud PE, Ambrose WG Jr, Darnis G, Last KS, Leu E, Cohen JH, Johnsen G, Moline MA, Cottier F, Varpe Ø, Shunatova N, Balazy P, Morata N, Massabuau J-C, Falk-Petersen S, Kosobokova K, Hoppe CJM, Weslawski JM, Kuklinski P, Legezynska J, Nikishina D, Cusa M, Kedra M, Wlodarska-Kowalczuk M, Vogedes D, Camus L, Tran D, Michaud E, Gabrielsen TM, Granovitch A, Gonchar A, Krapp R, Callesen TA (2015a) Unexpected levels of biological activity during the polar night offer new perspectives on a warming Arctic. Curr Biol 25:2555–2561

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berge J, Heggland K, Lønne OJ, Cottier F, Hop H, Gabrielsen GW, Nøttestad L, Misund OA (2015b) First records of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) from the Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, with possible explanations for the extension of its distribution. Arctic 68:54–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berge J, Renaud PE, Darnis G, Cottier F, Last K, Gabrielsen TM, Johnsen G, Seuthe L, Søreide JE, Varpe Ø, Lønne OJ, Daase M, Falk-Petersen S (2015c) In the dark: a review of ecosystem processes during the Arctic polar night. Prog Oceanogr 139:258–271

    Google Scholar 

  • Beszczyńska-Möller A, Sagen H (2015) SSF Ocean Flagship Programme – recognizing the current status of oceanic research in the Svalbard region and neighboring European Arctic, Sopot, 49 pp. https://ocean-flagship.nersc.no/sites/ocean-flagship.nersc.no/files/SFF_Ocean%20Flagship_report_lowres.pdf

  • Beszczyńska-Möller A, Woodgate RA, Lee C, Melling H, Karcher M (2011) A synthesis of exchanges through the main oceanic gateways to the Arctic Ocean. In: the changing Arctic Ocean: special issue on the international polar year (2007–2009). Oceanography 24:82–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beszczyńska-Möller A, Fahrbach E, Schauer U, Hansen E (2012) Variability in Atlantic water temperature and transport at the entrance to the Arctic Ocean, 1997–2010. ICES J Mar Sci 69:852–863

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beuchel F, Gulliksen B, Carroll ML (2006) Long-term patterns of rocky bottom macrobenthic community structure in an Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard) in relation to climate variability (1980–2003). J Mar Syst 63:35–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calleja ML, Kerherve P, Bourgeois S, Kedra M, Leynaert A, Devred E, Babin M, Morata N (2017) Effects of increase glacier discharge on phytoplankton bloom dynamics and pelagic geochemistry in a high Arctic fjord. Prog Oceanogr 159:195–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carmack EC, Yamamoto-Kawai M, Haine TW, Bacon S, Bluhm BA, Lique C, Melling H, Polyakov IV, Straneo F, Timmermans ML (2016) Freshwater and its role in the Arctic Marine System: sources, disposition, storage, export, and physical and biogeochemical consequences in the Arctic and global oceans. J Geophys Res Biogeosci 121:675–717

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cottier F, Tverberg V, Inall M, Svendsen H, Nilsen F, Griffiths C (2005) Water mass modification in an Arctic fjord through cross-shelf exchange: the seasonal hydrography of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. J Geophys Res 110:C12005. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cottier FR, Tarling GA, Wold A, Falk-Petersen S (2006) Unsynchronized and synchronized vertical migration of zooplankton in a high Arctic fjord. Limnol Oceanogr 51:2586–2599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cottier FR, Nilsen F, Inall ME, Gerland S, Tverberg V, Svendsen H (2007) Wintertime warming of an Arctic shelf in response to large-scale atmospheric circulation. Geophys Res Lett 34:L10607. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029948

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D’Angelo A, Giglio F, Miserocchi S, Sanchez-Vidal A, Aliani S, Tesi T, Viola A, Mazzola M, Langone L (2018) Multi-year particle fluxes in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Biogeosciences 15:5343–5363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalpadado P, Hop H, Rønning J, Pavlov V, Sperfeld E, Buchholz F, Rey A, Wold A (2016) Distribution and abundance of euphausiids and pelagic amphipods in Kongsfjorden, Isfjorden and Rijpfjorden (Svalbard) and changes in their importance as key prey in a warming marine ecosystem. Polar Biol 39:1765–1784

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darnis G, Hobbs L, Geoffroy M, Grenvald J, Renaud PE, Berge J, Cottier F, Kristiansen S, Daase M, Søreide JE, Wold A, Morata N, Gabrielsen TM (2017) From polar night to midnight sun: diel vertical migration, metabolism and biogeochemical role of zooplankton in a high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). Limnol Oceanogr 62:1586–1605

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drysdale L (2017) Arctic Fjords: simplified modelling and the role of freshwater. PhD thesis, University of Aberdeen, SAMS, 250 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Falk E, Skogseth R, Sagen H, Beszczyńska-Möller A, Hamre T (2016) SSF Ocean Flagship Programme – recognizing the current status of oceanic research in the Svalbard region and neighbouring European Arctic Rep, 25 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer P, Schwanitz M, Loth R, Posner U, Brand M, Schröder F (2016) First year of the new Arctic AWIPEV-COSYNA cabled underwater Observatory in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen. Ocean Sci Discuss 13:1–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabrielsen GW, Hop H, Hübner C, Kallenborn R, Weslawski JM, Wiencke C (eds) (2009) The Kongsfjorden system – a flagship programme for Ny-Ålesund. A concluding document from workshop 28–31 March., 2008, Brief Report Series no. 11. Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø

    Google Scholar 

  • Geoffroy M, Berge J, Majaneva S, Johnsen G, Langbehn TJ, Cottier F, Mogstad AA, Zolich A, Last K (2018) Increased occurrence of the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla in the European Arctic. Polar Biol 41:2615–2619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grebmeier JM, Overland JE, Moore SE, Farley EV, Carmack EC, Cooper LW, Frey KE, Helle JH, McLaughlin FA, McNutt SL (2006) A major ecosystem shift in the northern Bering Sea. Science 311:1461–1464

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grenvald JC, Callesen TA, Daase M, Hobbs L, Darnis G, Renaud PE, Cottier F, Nielsen TG, Berge J (2016) Plankton community composition and vertical migration during polar night in Kongsfjorden. Polar Biol 39:1879–1895

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hays GC (2003) A review of the adaptive significance and ecosystem consequences of zooplankton diel vertical migrations. Hydrobiologia 503:163–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hegseth EN, Assmy P, Wiktor JM, Wiktor J Jr, Kristiansen S, Leu E, Piquet AMT, Tverberg V, Cottier F (this volume-e) Chapter 6: Phytoplankton seasonal dynamics in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard and the adjacent shelf. In: Hop H, Wiencke C (eds) The ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Advances in polar ecology 2. Springer, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • Hegseth EN, Tverberg V (2013) Effect of Atlantic water inflow on timing of the phytoplankton spring bloom in a high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). J Mar Syst 113:94–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hobbs L, Cottier FR, Last KS, Berge J (2018) Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 605:61–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hop H, Falk-Petersen S, Svendsen H, Kwasniewski S, Pavlov V, Pavlov O, Søreide JE (2006) Physical and biological characteristics of the pelagic system across Fram Strait to Kongsfjorden. Prog Oceanogr 71:182–231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hop H, Wold A, Vihtakari M, Daase M, Kwasniewski S, Gluchowska M, Lischka S, Buchholz F, Falk-Petersen S (this volume-c) Chapter 7: Zooplankton in Kongsfjorden (1996–2016) in relation to climate change. In: Hop H, Wiencke C (eds) The ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Advances in polar ecology 2. Springer, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • Howe JA, Harland R, Cottier FR, Brand T, Willis KJ, Berge JR, Grøsfjeld K, Eriksson A (2010) Dinoflagellate cysts as proxies for palaeoceanographic conditions in Arctic fjords. Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ 344:61–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt GL Jr, Drinkwater KF, Arrigo K, Berge J, Daly KL, Danielson S, Daase M, Hop H, Isla E, Karnovsky N, Laidre K, Murphy EJ, Mueter FJ, Renaud PE, Smith WO Jr, Trathan P, Turner J, Wolf-Gladrow D (2016) Advection in polar and sub-polar environments: impacts on high latitude marine ecosystems. Prog Oceanogr 149:40–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hyatt J, Visbeck M, Beardsley RC, Brechner Owens W (2008) Estimating sea-ice coverage, draft, and velocity in Marguerite Bay (Antarctica) using a subsurface moored upward-looking acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). Deep Sea Res II 55:351–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inall ME, Nilsen F, Cottier FR, Daae R (2015) Shelf/fjord exchange driven by coastal-trapped waves in the Arctic. J Geophys Res Oceans 120:8283–8303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins A (2011) Convection-driven melting near the grounding lines of ice shelves and tidewater glaciers. J Phys Oceanogr 41:C08043. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004368

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kedra M, Wlodarska-Kowalczuk M, Weslawski JM (2010) Decadal change in macrobenthic soft-bottom community structure in a high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). Polar Biol 33:1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kortsch S, Primicerio R, Beuchel F, Renaud PE, Rodrigues J, Lønne OJ, Gulliksen B (2012) Climate-driven regime shifts in Arctic marine benthos. PNAS 109:14053

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Last KS, Hobbs L, Berge J, Brieley AS, Cottier F (2016) Moonlight drives ocean-scale mass vertical migration of zooplankton during the Arctic winter. Curr Biol 26:244–251

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lind S, Ingvaldsen RB, Furevik T (2018) Arctic warming hotspots in the northern Barents Sea linked to declining sea-ice import. Nat Clim Chang 8:634–639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lønne OJ, Falk-Petersen S, Berge J (2015) Introduction to the special issue on polar night studies conducted onboard RV Helmer Hanssen in the Svalbard area. Polar Biol 38:1–3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luckman A, Benn DI, Cottier F, Bevan S, Nilsen F, Inall M (2015) Calving rates at tidewater glaciers vary strongly with ocean temperature. Nat Commun 6:8566. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9566

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ludvigsen M, Berge J, Geoffroy M, Cohen JH, De La Torre PR, Nornes SM, Singh H, Sørensen AJ, Daase M, Johnsen G (2018) Use of an autonomous surface vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance. Sci Adv 4:eaap9887

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Muckenhuber S, Nilsen F, Korosov A, Sandven S (2016) Sea ice cover in Isfjorden and Hornsund, Svalbard (2000–2014) from remote sensing data. Cryosphere 10:149–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsen F, Cottier FR, Skogseth R, Mattsson S (2008) Fjord-shelf exchanges controlled by ice and brine production: the interannual variation of Atlantic Water in Isfjorden, Svalbard. Cont Shelf Res 28:838–1853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsen F, Skogseth R, Vaardal-Lunde J, Inall M (2016) Simple shelf circulation model: intrusion of Atlantic Water on the West Spitsbergen Shelf. J Phys Oceanogr 46:1209–1230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nilssen I, Ødegård Ø, Sørensen AJ, Johnsen G, Moline MA, Berge J (2015) Integrated environmental mapping and monitoring, a methodological approach to optimise knowledge gathering and sampling strategy. Mar Pollut Bull 96:374–383

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nöthig E-M, Bracher A, Engel A, Metfies K, Niehoff B, Peeken I, Bauerfeind E, Cherkasheva A, Gäbler-Schwarz S, Hardge K, Kilias E, Kraft A, Kidane YM, Lalande C, Pinotek J, Tomisch K, Wurst M (2015) Summertime plankton ecology in Fram Strait—a compilation of long- and short-term observations. Polar Res 34:23349. https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v34.23349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Onarheim IH, Smedsrud LH, Ingvaldsen RB, Nilsen F (2014) Loss of sea ice during winter north of Svalbard. Tellus A 66:23933

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parisi I, De Vincenzi G, Torri M, Papale E, Mazzola S, Bonanno A, Buscaino G (2017) Underwater vocal complexity of Arctic seal Erignathus barbatus in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard). J Acoust Soc Am 142:3104–3115

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlov AK, Tverberg V, Ivanov BV, Nilsen F, Falk-Petersen S, Granskog MA (2013) Warming of Atlantic Water in two west Spitsbergen fjords over the last century (1912–2009). Polar Res 32:11206. https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.11206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlova O, Gerland S, Hop H (this volume-f) Chapter 4: Changes in sea-ice extent and thickness in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (2003–2016). In: Hop H, Wiencke C (eds) The ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Advances in polar ecology 2. Springer, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • Polyakov IV, Pnyushkov AV, Alkire MB, Ashik IM, Baumann TM, Carmack EC, Goszczko I, Guthrie J, Ivanov VV, Kanzow T (2017) Greater role for Atlantic inflows on sea-ice loss in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean. Science 356:285–291

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Renaud PE, Bekkby T (2013) Existing time-series of marine biodiversity and the need for nature-type mapping in Svalbard waters: status, financing, and value for developing management strategies in a changing Arctic. Rep Akvaplan-niva, Tromsø, Norway, 41 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Schauer U, Beszczyńska-Möller A, Walczowski W, Fahrbach E, Piechura J, Hansen E (2008) Variation of measured heat flow through the Fram Strait between 1997 and 2006. In: Dickson RR, Meincke J, Rhines P (eds) Arctic–subarctic ocean fluxes: defining the role of the Northern Seas in climate. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 65–85

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schild KM, Renshaw CE, Benn DI, Luckman A, Hawley RL, How P, Trusel L, Cottier FR, Pramanik A, Hulton NRJ (2018) Glacier calving rates due to subglacial discharge, fjord circulation, and free convection. J Geophys Res Earth Surf 123:2189–2204. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smyth T, Atkinson A, Widdicombe S, Frost M, Allen I, Fishwick J, Queiros A, Sims D, Barange M (2015) The western channel observatory. Prog Oceanogr 137:335–341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soltwedel T, Bauerfeind E, Bergmann M, Budaeva N, Hoste E, Jaeckisch N, von Juterzenka K, Matthiessen J, Mokievsky V, Nöthig E-M, Quéric N-V, Sablotny B, Sauter E, Schewe I, Urban-Malinga B, Wegner J, Wlodarska-Kowalczuk M, Klages M (2005) HAUSGARTEN: multidisciplinary investigations at a deep-sea, long-term observatory in the Arctic Ocean. Oceanography 18:46–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soltwedel T, Bauerfeind E, Bergmann M, Bracher A, Budaeva N, Busch K, Cherkasheva A, Fahl K, Grzelak K, Hasemann C, Jacob M, Kraft A, Lalande C, Metfies K, Nöthig E-M, Meyer K, Quéric N-V, Schewe I, Włodarska-Kowalczuk M, Klages M (2016) Natural variability or anthropogenically-induced variation? Insights from 15 years of multidisciplinary observations at the arctic marine LTER site HAUSGARTEN. Ecol Indic 65:89–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sundfjord A, Albretsen J, Kasajima Y, Skogseth R, Kohler J, Nuth C, Skarðhamar J, Cottier F, Nilsen F, Asplin L (2017) Effects of glacier runoff and wind on surface layer dynamics and Atlantic Water exchange in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard; a model study. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 187:260–272

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svendsen H, Beszczyńska-Møller A, Hagen JO, Lefauconnier B, Tverberg V, Gerland S, Ørbæk JB, Bischof K, Papucci C, Zajaczkowski M, Azzolini R, Bruland O, Wiencke C, Winther J-G, Dallmann W (2002) The physical environment of Kongsfjorden–Krossfjorden an Arctic fjord system in Svalbard. Polar Res 21:133–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Tverberg V, Skogseth R, Cottier F, Sundfjord A, Walczowski W, Inall M, Flack E, Pavlova O, Nilsen F (this volume-c) Chapter 3: The Kongsfjorden transect: seasonal and inter-annual variability in hydrography. In: Hop H, Wiencke C (eds) The ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Advances in polar ecology 2. Springer, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • van De Poll WH, Maat DS, Fischer P, Rozema PD, Daly OB, Koppelle S, Visser RJW, Buma AGJ (2016) Atlantic advection driven changes in glacial meltwater: effects on phytoplankton chlorophyll-a and taxonomic composition in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen. Front Mar Sci 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00200

  • Venkatesan R, Krishnan KP, Muthiah MA, Kesavakumar B, Divya DT, Atmanand MA, Rajan S, Ravichandran M (2016) Indian moored observatory in the Arctic for long-term in situ data collection. Int J Ocean Clim Syst 7:55–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vihtakari M, Renaud PE, Clarke LJ, Whitehouse MJ, Hop H, Carroll ML, Ambrose WG Jr (2016) Decoding the oxygen isotope signal for seasonal growth patterns in Arctic bivalves. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 446:263–283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vihtakari M, Ambrose WG Jr, Renaud PE, Locke WL, Carroll ML, Berge J, Clarke LJ, Cottier F, Hop H (2017) A key to the past? Element ratios as environmental proxies in two Arctic bivalves. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 465:316–332

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vihtakari M, Welcker J, Moe B, Chastel O, Tartu S, Hop H, Bech C, Descamps S, Gabrielsen GW (2018) Black-legged kittiwakes as messengers of Atlantification in the Arctic. Sci Rep 8:1178. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-19118-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace MI, Cottier FR, Berge J, Tarling GA, Griffiths C, Brierley AS (2010) Comparison of zooplankton vertical migration in an ice-free and a seasonally ice-covered Arctic fjord: an insight into the influence of sea ice cover on zooplankton behavior. Limnol Oceanogr 55:831–845

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace MI, Cottier FR, Brierley AS, Tarling GA (2013) Modelling the influence of copepod behaviour on faecal pellet export at high latitudes. Polar Biol 36:579–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Willis KJ, Cottier FR, Kwasniewski S, Wold A, Falk-Petersen S (2006) The influence of advection on zooplankton community composition in an Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). J Mar Syst 61:39–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Willis KJ, Cottier FR, Kwasniewski S (2008) Impact of warm water advection on the winter zooplankton community in an Arctic fjord. Polar Biol 31:475–481

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank the mooring contacts at respective institutions for supplying updated information for Table 13.1. The moorings have been supported financially by many funding agencies and projects. The acknowledgement of funding for specific projects that have used data from the moorings are found within the cited publications. We thank Colin Griffiths (SAMS) for overseeing the Kongsfjorden Marine Observatory programme, managed from SAMS with support from the UK Natural Environment Research Council, the Research Council of Norway and the EU. Considerable in-kind support has been given over the years from UiT The Arctic University of Norway, UNIS and NPI in its operation. We finally thank Mikko Vihtakari (NPI) for assembling the map.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop

  2. Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop, Finlo Cottier & Jørgen Berge

  3. Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Oceans Institute, Oban, UK

    Finlo Cottier

  4. The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway

    Jørgen Berge

  5. Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Jørgen Berge

Authors
  1. Haakon Hop
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Finlo Cottier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jørgen Berge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Haakon Hop .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway

    Haakon Hop

  2. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Christian Wiencke

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hop, H., Cottier, F., Berge, J. (2019). Autonomous Marine Observatories in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. In: Hop, H., Wiencke, C. (eds) The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Advances in Polar Ecology, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46425-1_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation