Determination of the Activities of the Electrolytes

Abstract

As a rule, the determination of the activity of electrolytes obeys the same principles as the ones of nonelectrolytes. However, electrolytes exhibit a particular behavior. This induces the using of some particular methods of determination.

It must be borne in mind that the matter, here, is the determination of the activity of the whole electrolyte and not that of each of the ions constituting it, which is theoretically impossible.

The book is primarily devoted to the determinations in aqueous solutions. In addition, water is, given its physical properties, a solvent particularly interesting in order to study the behavior of electrolytes and ions. The described methods are those based on the determinations of the freezing-point depression of the solvent, isopiestic principle, osmotic coefficients, excess Gibbs energies, electromotive forces, and solubilities.