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Dietary Flavonoids as Modulators of NO Bioavailability in Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases

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Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Abstract

Plant-derived foods contain high amounts of naturally occurring chemicals called polyphenols in addition to their nitrite and nitrate content (Heiss et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(3):218–24; Heiss and Kelm Eur Heart J. 2010;31(13):1554–6; Balzer et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:2141–9; Heiss et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(7):1276–83, JAMA. 2003;290(8):1030–1). These components, when present together, can exert protection in acute disease events, e.g., myocardial infarctions. Endothelial dysfunction, an early stage of coronary artery disease, has been linked to impaired endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability (Heiss et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:573–9). There is accumulating evidence that plant-derived flavonoids can reverse endothelial dysfunction by modulation of NO bioavailability. This chapter focuses on the role of flavonoids as a dietary approach to prevent the onset and progression of chronic cardiovascular diseases, and to protect the myocardium during acute cardiovascular events.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, West-German Heart and Vessel Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen, 45147, Germany

    Matthias Totzeck M.D. & Tienush Rassaf M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Matthias Totzeck M.D.
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  2. Tienush Rassaf M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Matthias Totzeck M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

    Nathan S. Bryan

  2. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Joseph Loscalzo

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Totzeck, M., Rassaf, T. (2017). Dietary Flavonoids as Modulators of NO Bioavailability in Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases. In: Bryan, N., Loscalzo, J. (eds) Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46189-2_10

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