Abstract
This paper introduces the agent platform HumanSim, a combination of the BDI-paradigm and Answer Set Programming (ASP), to simulate entities in three-dimensional virtual environments. We show how ASP can be used to (i) annotate a virtual three-dimensional world and (ii) to model the goal selection behavior of a BDI agent. Using this approach it is possible to model the agent domain and its behavior – reactive or foresighted – with ASP. To demonstrate the practical use of HumanSim, we present a three-dimensional planning and simulation application, in which worker agents are driven by HumanSim in the shop floor domain. Furthermore, we show the results of an evaluation of HumanSim in the former mentioned simulation application.
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Notes
- 1.
RAMSIS Automotive http://www.human-solutions.com/.
- 2.
FlexSim Simulation Software, https://www.flexsim.com/flexsim/.
- 3.
Web Ontology Language, http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-overview/.
- 4.
Resource Description Framework, https://www.w3.org/RDF/.
- 5.
For a discussion of the problems involved in derived predicates in PDDL cf. [11].
- 6.
“Elaboration tolerance is the ability to accept changes to a person’s or a computer program’s representation of facts about a subject without having to start all over.” [12].
- 7.
Example of an engine which supports both tasks is unity3d: http://unity3d.com/.
- 8.
DEC ASP Rules: http://reasoning.eas.asu.edu/ecasp/examples/foundations/DEC.lp.
- 9.
Arguably, in 3D environments considered in the context of this paper, the closed world assumption is more appropriate.
- 10.
COMPASS (Collaborative Modular Prototyping And Simulation Server): https://github.com/dfki-asr/compass.
- 11.
FiVES (Flexible Virtual Environment Server): https://github.com/fives-team.
- 12.
To minimize the output of the ASP module, we use gringo filter statements #show.
- 13.
Jason: http://jason.sourceforge.net/.
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The research described in this paper has been funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through the projects Collaborate3D and INVERSIV.
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Antakli, A., Zinnikus, I., Klusch, M. (2016). ASP-Driven BDI-Planning Agents in Virtual 3D Environments. In: Klusch, M., Unland, R., Shehory, O., Pokahr, A., Ahrndt, S. (eds) Multiagent System Technologies. MATES 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9872. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45889-2_15
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