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Mitochondrial Dynamics Regulates Oxidative Metabolism in Leydig Tumor Cells

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Biochemistry of Oxidative Stress

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 16))

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Abstract

Steroidogenesis in Leydig cells is predominantly regulated by trophic hormone LH, whose signaling pathway involves PKA activation. PKA-mediated phosphorylation is involved in the induction and activation of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein, which in turn activates the delivery of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane, the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of all steroid hormones. The access of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane allows its conversion to pregnenolone by cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme. StAR-mediated access of cholesterol to the mitochondria and pregnenolone synthesis are common steps in the hormone-stimulated biosynthesis of steroid hormones. Mitochondria are cellular organelles with crucial roles including ATP synthesis, metabolic integration, ROS synthesis and apoptosis, all processes linked to steroidogenesis rates. Mitochondrial dynamics is then key to normal cell movement and function. In this context, this chapter focuses on reviewing the contribution of mitochondrial dynamics to Leydig cell function and metabolism, including efficient steroid production, and intends to highlight the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial changes and the correct localization of key mitochondrial proteins to achieve maximal steroidogenesis after hormone stimulation.

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  1. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Cecilia Poderoso, Cristina Paz, Katia E. Helfenberger & Ernesto J. Podestá

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  1. Cecilia Poderoso
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  2. Cristina Paz
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  3. Katia E. Helfenberger
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  4. Ernesto J. Podestá
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Correspondence to Cecilia Poderoso .

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  1. School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ricardo Jorge Gelpi

  2. School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Alberto Boveris

  3. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM, UBA–CONICET), Laboratorio de Metabolismo del Oxígeno, Hospital Universitario, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Juan José Poderoso

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Poderoso, C., Paz, C., Helfenberger, K.E., Podestá, E.J. (2016). Mitochondrial Dynamics Regulates Oxidative Metabolism in Leydig Tumor Cells. In: Gelpi, R., Boveris, A., Poderoso, J. (eds) Biochemistry of Oxidative Stress. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 16. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45865-6_25

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