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Environmental Radiation Effects on Mammals pp 269–296Cite as

Radiogenic Leukemia Risk Assessment

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Abstract

Chapter 8 presents the biologically motivated dynamical modeling approach to the assessment of excess relative risks for radiogenic acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, radiogenic acute lymphocytic leukemia, and radiogenic leukemia except for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (non-CLL) among acutely and continuously irradiated humans. The basic tools of this approach are the granulopoiesis and lymphopoiesis models, which are capable of predicting the dynamics of blood granulocytes and blood lymphocytes, as well as their bone marrow precursor cells in acutely and continuously irradiated humans. The performed modeling studies revealed that the developed dynamical modeling approach to leukemia risk assessment enables one to relate (by making use of only four scale factors) the excess relative risks for acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, and non-CLL leukemia among acutely and continuously irradiated humans (atomic bomb survivors and patients treated with brachytherapy) with two key characteristics of the dynamics of the granulopoietic and lymphopoietic systems under such radiation exposures. They are the maximum and/or the integral of the dimensionless concentration of the weakly damaged bone marrow granulopoietic and/or lymphopoietic cells capable of dividing over the periods of the responses of the granulopoietic and/or lymphopoietic systems to the respective radiation exposures. In turn, these quantities (for various radiation regimes) are computed in the framework of the granulopoiesis and lymphopoiesis models. All this demonstrates the potential to use the dynamical modeling approach for estimating the non-CLL leukemia risk among humans exposed to various radiation regimes. Obviously, it is especially important in assessing the risk of radiogenic non-CLL leukemia among people residing in contaminated areas after an accident, among astronauts in long-term space missions, as well as among patients treated with radiotherapy.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Note that examples of correlations between certain characteristics of deterministic effects of ionizing radiation and its stochastic effects were revealed in, e.g., [15–17].

  2. 2.

    Note that the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is very seldom in Japan [3].

  3. 3.

    Note that the chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is not observed among those patients [8].

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  1. Research and Technical Center of Radiation-Chemical Safety and Hygiene, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Olga A. Smirnova

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Smirnova, O.A. (2017). Radiogenic Leukemia Risk Assessment. In: Environmental Radiation Effects on Mammals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45761-1_8

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