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Radiation and Humoral Immunity

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Abstract

Chapter 4 is devoted to the development and thorough study of the biologically motivated mathematical model of humoral immune response in nonirradiated and acutely/chronically irradiated mammals. The model is implemented as the system of nonlinear differential equations, which describe the dynamics of concentrations of antibody and antigen molecules, immunocompetent B lymphocytes, and the rest blood lymphocytes, as well as the bone-marrow lymphocyte precursors. The interaction of antigen molecules with antibodies and with antibody-like receptors on immunocompetent cells is also incorporated. The model quantitatively reproduces the dynamics of the humoral immune response to the T-independent antigen (capsular antigen of plague microbe) in nonirradiated mammals (mice). It describes the peculiarities of the humoral immune response in mice exposed to acute irradiation before or after introducing antigen. The model predicts an adaptation of humoral immune system to low dose rate chronic irradiation in the result of which the intensity of immune response relaxes to a new, lower than normal, stable level. The mechanisms of this phenomenon are revealed. The obtained results show that the developed model, after the appropriate identification, can be used to predict the effects of acute and low-level long-term irradiation on the system of humoral immunity in humans. Such results would be important in estimating the radiation risk for health of people residing in contaminated areas after an accident, persons subjected to occupational irradiation, and astronauts on long-term space missions such as voyages to Mars or lunar colonies.

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  1. Research and Technical Center of Radiation-Chemical Safety and Hygiene, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Olga A. Smirnova

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Smirnova, O.A. (2017). Radiation and Humoral Immunity. In: Environmental Radiation Effects on Mammals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45761-1_4

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